Calabrese R
J Psychol. 1987 May;121(3):237-42. doi: 10.1080/00223980.1987.9712663.
The levels of alienation of American female school students (N = 431; 256 public, 175 private) were assessed to determine the extent of the influence of the school environment on the student's level of alienation and the dimensions of isolation, normlessness, and powerlessness. It was hypothesized that substantially different school settings would have no significant effects because student alienation is influenced by a series of complex environmental factors. The Dean Alienation Scale (1961) was used to assess levels of alienation. There were no significant differences in terms of total alienation and powerlessness. Private school students, however, were more isolated (p less than .001) and public school students had higher levels of normlessness (p less than .05).
对美国女学生(N = 431;256名公立学校学生,175名私立学校学生)的疏离程度进行了评估,以确定学校环境对学生疏离程度以及孤立、无规范和无力感维度的影响程度。研究假设,由于学生疏离受到一系列复杂环境因素的影响,截然不同的学校环境不会产生显著影响。使用院长疏离量表(1961年)来评估疏离程度。在总体疏离和无力感方面没有显著差异。然而,私立学校学生的孤立感更强(p小于0.001),公立学校学生的无规范程度更高(p小于0.05)。