Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain; Universidad de Alcalá, Instituto de Investigación Química Andrés M. del Río, Ctra, Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain.
Food Chem. 2023 Feb 15;402:134209. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134209. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Cocoa powder is a highly consumed product all over the world which could be substituted by cheaper raw materials resulting in food fraud. In this work, a non-targeted metabolomics approach based on the use of reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was developed to carry out the characterization of cocoa powder samples adulterated, at two different levels, with carob flour, soy flour, and chicory. The sample preparation protocol and the chromatographic parameters were optimized to extract and detect the highest number of molecular features. Both non-supervised and supervised statistical methods were employed to analyze the most significant variables that gave rise to group discrimination. From the 21 and 37 significant variables analyzed in positive and negative ionization modes, respectively, a total of 20 were tentatively identified. Different families of compounds including flavonoids, fatty acids, terpenoids, lysophospholipids, and a galactolipid could be pointed out as cocoa adulteration markers.
可可粉是一种在全世界范围内广泛消费的产品，它可能会被更便宜的原料替代，从而导致食品欺诈。在这项工作中，开发了一种基于反相液相色谱与高分辨质谱联用的非靶向代谢组学方法，用于对可可粉样品进行表征，这些样品以两种不同的水平掺有角豆面粉、大豆粉和菊苣。优化了样品制备方案和色谱参数，以提取和检测最多数量的分子特征。采用无监督和有监督的统计方法来分析导致分组区分的最重要变量。在正离子和负离子模式下分别分析了 21 个和 37 个显著变量，共鉴定出 20 个。可以指出不同化合物家族，包括类黄酮、脂肪酸、萜类、溶血磷脂和半乳糖脂，作为可可粉掺假的标志物。
