goat brain model for neurosurgical training.

BACKGROUND

Novice neurosurgeons require neurosurgical technique training, but the current method is demanding and time consuming. Therefore, it is crucial to perform training using an appropriate and informative method. In this report, we describe our attempts to provide training in neurosurgical techniques using goat brain model and to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model.

METHODS

Under general anesthesia, the surgery was performed on a male goat in the prone position. A midline liner skin incision was made in the scalp, six burr holes were drilled, a craniectomy was performed, and the dura was incised in an arcuate fashion. We attempted the interhemispheric approach and a retrosigmoid approach.

RESULTS

It was confirmed that common neurosurgical approaches are achievable in this model. Furthermore, anatomical structures such as nerves and blood vessels were similar to those of humans. Moreover, the goat brain was similar in color and texture to that of humans.

CONCLUSION

Unlike a cadaver brain, brain requires hemostasis and careful dissection, which provides the surgeons a realistic experience of actual neurosurgery.