Sekiyama K
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 1987 Feb;57(6):342-9. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.57.342.
Three experiments on mental rotation were carried out to investigate conditions under which hand images are operated kinesthetically. In Experiment 1 a, either a left or right hand was presented in a photographic slide, and subjects' task was left-right identification. In Exp. 2, each slide consisted of two hands, identical hands or mirror-imaged hands, and same-different judgment was required. In Exp. 3, two hands were presented successively, requiring same-different (mirror-reversed) judgement. On the other hand, subjects in Exp. 1 b were asked to rate physical difficulty of actual hand movements to imitate stimuli. Six to 12 undergraduate students served as subjects in each experiment. The results suggested that subjects' mental operations of hand images were kinesthetic in Exp. 1 a but visual in Exp. 2 and 3, on the basis of comparison between reaction times in the three experiments and the ratings in Exp. 1 b. Conditions which give rise to kinesthetic image processes were argued in relation with task structures.
进行了三项关于心理旋转的实验，以研究手部图像通过动觉进行操作的条件。在实验1a中，通过幻灯片呈现一只左手或右手，受试者的任务是进行左右识别。在实验2中，每张幻灯片包含两只手，两只手相同或为镜像关系，受试者需要判断是否相同。在实验3中，两只手相继呈现，要求受试者判断是否相同（镜像反转）。另一方面，实验1b中的受试者被要求对模仿刺激的实际手部动作的身体难度进行评分。每个实验有6至12名本科生作为受试者。根据这三项实验的反应时间与实验1b中的评分之间的比较，结果表明，在实验1a中，受试者对手部图像的心理操作是动觉的，而在实验2和3中是视觉的。结合任务结构讨论了产生动觉图像过程的条件。
