Demangeat E, Pédrot M, Dia A, Bouhnik-Le-Coz M, Roperch P, Compaoré G, Cabello-Hurtado F
Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118 35000 Rennes France
Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO, UMR 6553 35000 Rennes France
Nanoscale Adv. 2021 Feb 22;3(7):2017-2029. doi: 10.1039/d0na00825g. eCollection 2021 Apr 6.
Although the use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) has high potential in remediation and agriculture, a major hindrance to their use includes the risk of contamination of soil and water resources with underexplored effects of IONPs on biota. The fate, phytotoxicity and remediation potential of IONPs are investigated with soil column experiments using 7 nm-sized magnetite (FeO) nanoparticles (magnNPs) and sunflower (). Control soil, magnNP-containing soil (10 g magnNPs per kg soil), copper-polluted soil (500 mg Cu per kg soil) and copper-polluted soil containing magnNPs (10 g magnNPs per kg soil and 500 mg Cu per kg soil) support sunflower growth for 57 and 95 days. In magnNP-exposed plants, the occurrence of magnNPs does not affect the growth of the vegetative aerial parts and photosynthetic efficiency. Decreased lipid peroxidation indicates an enhanced antioxidant enzymatic response of magnNP-exposed plants. In plants grown in Cu- and magnNP-Cu-soils, the physiological and biochemical impacts of excess copper are clearly identified, resulting in growth retardation, decreased pigment contents and photosynthetic efficiency, and increased lipid peroxidation and peroxidase (POD) activities. Based on magnetic susceptibility, a higher amount of magnNPs is detected after 57 days in the roots of magnNP-exposed plants (1400 mg kg) than in the roots of magnNP-Cu-exposed plants (920 mg kg). In the latter, magnNP internalization is likely hampered because of the plants' physiological responses to Cu toxicity. At the working Cu and magnNP concentrations, magnNPs neither decrease Cu accumulation in the plant tissues nor alleviate the overall growth retardation of sunflowers and certain phytotoxic effects induced by excess Cu. However, this study highlights several positive environmental aspects relative to magnNP use, including the harmless effects of magnNPs on sunflowers (1% magnNPs in soil) and the ability of magnNPs to influence Cu mobility in the soil (which could be even more pronounced at lower Cu concentration).
尽管氧化铁纳米颗粒（IONPs）在修复和农业领域具有很高的应用潜力，但其应用的一个主要障碍包括土壤和水资源受到污染的风险，以及IONPs对生物群的影响尚未得到充分研究。通过土壤柱实验，使用7纳米大小的磁铁矿（FeO）纳米颗粒（magnNPs）和向日葵，研究了IONPs的归宿、植物毒性和修复潜力。对照土壤、含magnNP的土壤（每千克土壤含10克magnNPs）、铜污染土壤（每千克土壤含500毫克铜）和含magnNPs的铜污染土壤（每千克土壤含10克magnNPs和500毫克铜）分别支持向日葵生长57天和95天。在暴露于magnNP的植物中，magnNPs的存在不影响地上营养部分的生长和光合效率。脂质过氧化作用的降低表明暴露于magnNP的植物抗氧化酶反应增强。在铜污染土壤和铜-magnNP污染土壤中生长的植物，明显表现出过量铜的生理和生化影响，导致生长迟缓、色素含量和光合效率降低，以及脂质过氧化作用和过氧化物酶（POD）活性增加。基于磁化率，在暴露于magnNP的植物根系中，57天后检测到的magnNPs含量（1400毫克/千克）高于暴露于magnNP-Cu的植物根系（920毫克/千克）。在后者中，由于植物对铜毒性的生理反应，magnNP的内化可能受到阻碍。在工作铜和magnNP浓度下，magnNPs既不减少植物组织中铜的积累，也不减轻向日葵的整体生长迟缓以及过量铜引起的某些植物毒性效应。然而，这项研究突出了与magnNP使用相关的几个积极环境方面，包括magnNPs对向日葵的无害影响（土壤中含1%的magnNPs）以及magnNPs影响土壤中铜迁移的能力（在较低铜浓度下可能更明显）。
