奥密克戎变异株引起的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 型病毒脱落特征，以及接种疫苗的轻症 COVID-19 医护人员中病毒培养阳性的预测因素。
Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant Shedding and Predictors of Viral Culture Positivity on Vaccinated Healthcare Workers With Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019.
机构信息
Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
出版信息
J Infect Dis. 2022 Nov 11;226(10):1726-1730. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac391.
In this prospective cohort of 30 vaccinated healthcare workers with mild Omicron variant infection, we evaluated viral culture, rapid antigen test (RAT), and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of respiratory samples at days 5, 7, 10, and 14. Viral culture was positive in 46% (11/24) and 20% (6/30) of samples at days 5 and 7, respectively. RAT and RT-PCR (Ct ≤35) showed 100% negative predictive value (NPV), with positive predictive values (PPVs) of 32% and 17%, respectively, for predicting viral culture positivity. A lower RT-PCR threshold (Ct ≤24) improved culture prediction (PPV = 39%; NPV = 100%). Vaccinated persons with mild Omicron infection are potentially transmissible up to day 7. RAT and RT-PCR might be useful tools for shortening the isolation period.
在这项针对 30 名接种疫苗的轻度奥密克戎变异感染医护人员的前瞻性队列研究中，我们评估了第 5、7、10 和 14 天呼吸道样本的病毒培养、快速抗原检测（RAT）和实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）。第 5 天和第 7 天的样本中，病毒培养阳性率分别为 46%（11/24）和 20%（6/30）。RAT 和 RT-PCR（Ct≤35）的阴性预测值（NPV）均为 100%，阳性预测值（PPV）分别为 32%和 17%，可预测病毒培养阳性。较低的 RT-PCR 阈值（Ct≤24）可提高培养预测的准确性（PPV=39%；NPV=100%）。接种疫苗的轻度奥密克戎感染患者在第 7 天之前可能具有传染性。RAT 和 RT-PCR 可能是缩短隔离期的有用工具。
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