Lan Guanchao, Zhang Guangyuan, Shen Jinjie, Li Zhihua, Wang Jianlong, Li Jing
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
Gansu Yin Guang Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd., Baiyin 730900, China.
Langmuir. 2022 Oct 4;38(39):12016-12023. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01792. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) was coated by tannic acid (TA), polydopamine (PDA), and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) resins reaction to prepare PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules for reducing sensitivity and enhancing thermal stability of PETN. The coating effects of TA, PDA, and MF shells on PETN surfaces are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The structures of PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules are characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier-transform infrared spectra. The performances of PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules are characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, accelerating rate calorimetry, explosion point, vacuum deflation volume, and mechanical sensitivity. The study results show that TA, PDA, and MF shells can coat the PETN surface well. Compared with pure PETN, the explosion point has an increase while the vacuum deflation volume and mechanical sensitivity have a decrease for PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules, illustrating that the safeties of PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules are enhanced. In addition, the initial decomposition temperature () and peak decomposition temperature () of PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules have a slight increase, demonstrating that the thermal stabilities of PETN@TA, PETN@PDA, and PETN@MF microcapsules are better than that of pure PETN. The obtained method can provide some guidance for the desensitizing of other energetic materials with high sensitivities.
季戊四醇四硝酸酯（PETN）通过单宁酸（TA）、聚多巴胺（PDA）和三聚氰胺 - 甲醛（MF）树脂反应进行包覆，以制备PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊，用于降低PETN的感度并提高其热稳定性。通过扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜对TA、PDA和MF壳层在PETN表面的包覆效果进行表征。通过X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱对PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的结构进行表征。通过差示扫描量热法、加速量热法、爆发点、真空放气量和机械感度对PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的性能进行表征。研究结果表明，TA、PDA和MF壳层能够很好地包覆在PETN表面。与纯PETN相比，PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的爆发点升高，而真空放气量和机械感度降低，这说明PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的安全性得到了提高。此外，PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的初始分解温度（）和峰值分解温度（）略有升高，表明PETN@TA、PETN@PDA和PETN@MF微胶囊的热稳定性优于纯PETN。所获得的方法可为其他高感度含能材料的钝感处理提供一些指导。
