Howard R B
Med Hypotheses. 1987 May;23(1):51-8. doi: 10.1016/0306-9877(87)90180-0.
An overall scheme is proposed for the control of blood flows in both fetal and maternal circulations of the human placenta. The first part of the hypothesis is that fetoplacental vascular resistance is controlled locally by a reversible hypoxic fetoplacental vasoconstriction (HFPV) in response to reduced local maternoplacental oxygen delivery. Also suggested is humoral limitation of the extent of HFPV by substances circulating in hypoxic fetal blood. Secondly, it is hypothesized that maternoplacental vascular resistance is controlled humorally by release of hormones into maternal blood from the fetoplacental unit. Finally, it is proposed that chronic local maternoplacental ischemia associated with placental "aging" can induce an irreversible fetoplacental vasoconstriction by a mechanism different from HFPV in order to permanently shut down fetal blood flow to the area(s) affected.
本文提出了一个控制人类胎盘胎儿和母体循环中血流的总体方案。该假说的第一部分是,胎儿胎盘血管阻力由局部可逆性缺氧胎儿胎盘血管收缩(HFPV)局部控制,以应对局部母体胎盘氧输送减少。还提出,缺氧胎儿血液中循环的物质对HFPV的程度有体液限制作用。其次,假说认为母体胎盘血管阻力由胎儿胎盘单位向母体血液中释放激素进行体液控制。最后,提出与胎盘“老化”相关的慢性局部母体胎盘缺血可通过一种不同于HFPV的机制诱导不可逆的胎儿胎盘血管收缩,从而永久性地阻断胎儿血流至受影响区域。