Department of Internal Diseases, Metabolic Disorders and Arterial Hypertension, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Social Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznań, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 Sep 19;14(18):3880. doi: 10.3390/nu14183880.
This study aimed to investigate and compare the adherence of patients treated for morbid obesity living in Poland and Germany. Methods: A cross-sectional international multicenter survey design was adopted. The study involved 564 adult subjects treated for morbid obesity at selected healthcare facilities in Germany (210 participants) and Poland (354 participants). A validated, custom-made questionnaire based on the literature related to this issue was used. Results: The degree of adherence was higher, but not statistically significant, among Polish patients (83.82% vs. 78.33%, p = 0.26140). Patient adherence was associated with gender, age, level of education, duration of obesity, number of health professionals involved in obesity treatment, and type of obesity treatment (p < 0.05). A positive correlation was observed in the case of age, level of education, and a growing number of health professionals involved in obesity treatment, whereas a negative correlation was observed in the case of the duration of obesity. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery significantly more often followed medical recommendations regarding lifestyle changes, compared to obese participants treated only conservatively. Adherence in the field of obesity treatment significantly increases the percentage of total weight loss and excess weight loss due to applied obesity treatment among both Polish and German groups (p < 0.001). Both the percentage of total weight loss and that of excess weight loss were significantly higher in the group of adherent patients compared to the nonadherent patients (p < 0.00001). The levels of perceived anxiety, stress, and depression were significantly higher in nonadherent patients in both countries. Conclusions: These findings confirm the role of adherence in the effective and satisfactory treatment of morbid obesity. There is a great need to improve patient adherence to overcome the consequences of the obesity pandemic.
本研究旨在调查和比较波兰和德国接受病态肥胖治疗的患者的依从性。方法：采用了横断面国际多中心调查设计。该研究涉及在德国（210 名参与者）和波兰（354 名参与者）选定的医疗机构接受病态肥胖治疗的 564 名成年受试者。使用了一种基于与该问题相关文献的经过验证的定制问卷。结果：波兰患者的依从性更高，但无统计学意义（83.82%比 78.33%，p=0.26140）。患者的依从性与性别、年龄、教育水平、肥胖持续时间、参与肥胖治疗的卫生专业人员数量以及肥胖治疗类型有关（p<0.05）。在年龄、教育水平和参与肥胖治疗的卫生专业人员数量增加的情况下，观察到了正相关，而在肥胖持续时间的情况下，观察到了负相关。与仅接受保守治疗的肥胖参与者相比，接受减肥手术的患者更经常遵循关于生活方式改变的医学建议。在波兰和德国组中，肥胖治疗的依从性显著增加了总体重减轻和由于应用肥胖治疗而导致的超重减轻的百分比（p<0.001）。与不依从的患者相比，依从患者的总体重减轻百分比和超重减轻百分比均显著更高（p<0.00001）。在两个国家中，不依从患者的感知焦虑、压力和抑郁水平均显著更高。结论：这些发现证实了依从性在有效和满意的病态肥胖治疗中的作用。非常有必要提高患者的依从性，以克服肥胖流行的后果。
