Department of Botany, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Kozhikode, India.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kozhikode, India.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2023;25(8):981-996. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2124233. Epub 2022 Sep 22.
The contamination of lands and water by heavy toxic metal(loid)s is an environmental issue that needs serious attention as it poses a major threat to public health. The persistence of heavy metals/metalloids in the environment as well as their potentially dangerous effects on organisms underpins the need to restore the areas contaminated by heavy toxic metal(loid)s. Soil restoration can be achieved through a variety of different methods. Being more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable, phytoremediation has recently replaced traditional processes like soil washing and burning. Many plants have been intensively explored to eliminate various heavy metals from polluted soils through phytoextraction, which is a commonly used phytoremediation approach. The ability of chelants to enhance phytoextraction potential has also received wide attention owing to their ability to elevate the efficiency of plants in removing heavy metal(loid)s. Chelants have been found to improve plant growth and the activity of the defense system. Several chelants, either non-biodegradable or biodegradable, have been reported to augment the phytoextraction efficiencies of various plants. The problem of the leaching of heavy metal(loid)s and secondary pollution caused by non-biodegradable chelants can be overcome by the use of biodegradable chelants to an extent. This review is a brief report focusing on recent articles on chelate-assisted phytoextraction of heavy metal (loids) As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn.
重金属（类）对土地和水的污染是一个需要认真关注的环境问题，因为它对公众健康构成了重大威胁。重金属/类金属在环境中的持久性以及它们对生物体的潜在危险影响，使得有必要对受重金属（类）污染的地区进行修复。土壤修复可以通过多种不同的方法来实现。由于植物修复具有成本效益高和环境可持续性的特点，它最近已经取代了传统的土壤清洗和焚烧等方法。许多植物已被深入研究，以通过植物提取（一种常用的植物修复方法）从污染土壤中去除各种重金属。由于螯合剂能够提高植物去除重金属（类）的效率，因此它们增强植物提取潜力的能力也受到了广泛关注。螯合剂已被发现能够改善植物的生长和防御系统的活性。已经发现几种非生物降解或生物降解的螯合剂能够提高各种植物的植物提取效率。可以在一定程度上克服非生物降解螯合剂引起的重金属（类）浸出和二次污染问题。本综述是一篇简要报告，重点介绍了最近关于螯合剂辅助植物提取 As、Cd、Cu、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、U 和 Zn 等重金属（类）的文章。
