社交媒体、约会应用程序和信息搜索网站在促进HIV自我检测方面的相对有效性：观察性队列研究。

Relative Effectiveness of Social Media, Dating Apps, and Information Search Sites in Promoting HIV Self-testing: Observational Cohort Study.

作者信息

Stafylis Chrysovalantis, Vavala Gabriella, Wang Qiao, McLeman Bethany, Lemley Shea M, Young Sean D, Xie Haiyi, Matthews Abigail G, Oden Neal, Revoredo Leslie, Shmueli-Blumberg Dikla, Hichborn Emily G, McKelle Erin, Moran Landhing M, Jacobs Petra, Marsch Lisa A, Klausner Jeffrey D

机构信息

Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

出版信息

JMIR Form Res. 2022 Sep 23;6(9):e35648. doi: 10.2196/35648.

DOI:10.2196/35648

PMID:36149729

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9591705/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Social media sites, dating apps, and information search sites have been used to reach individuals at high risk for HIV infection. However, it is not clear which platform is the most efficient in promoting home HIV self-testing, given that the users of various platforms may have different characteristics that impact their readiness for HIV testing.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the relative effectiveness of social media sites, dating apps, and information search sites in promoting HIV self-testing among minority men who have sex with men (MSM) at an increased risk of HIV infection. Test kit order rates were used as a proxy to evaluate promotion effectiveness. In addition, we assessed differences in characteristics between participants who ordered and did not order an HIV test kit.

METHODS

Culturally appropriate advertisements were placed on popular sites of three different platforms: social media sites (Facebook, Instagram), dating apps (Grindr, Jack'D), and information search sites (Google, Bing). Advertisements targeted young (18-30 years old) and minority (Black or Latinx) MSM at risk of HIV exposure. Recruitment occurred in 2 waves, with each wave running advertisements on 1 platform of each type over the same period. Participants completed a baseline survey assessing sexual or injection use behavior, substance use including alcohol, psychological readiness to test, attitudes toward HIV testing and treatment, and HIV-related stigma. Participants received an electronic code to order a free home-based HIV self-test kit. Follow-up assessments were conducted to assess HIV self-test kit use and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at 14 and 60 days post enrollment.

RESULTS

In total, 271 participants were enrolled, and 254 were included in the final analysis. Among these 254 participants, 177 (69.7%) ordered a home HIV self-test kit. Most of the self-test kits were ordered by participants enrolled from dating apps. Due to waves with low enrollment, between wave statistical comparisons were not feasible. Within wave comparison revealed that Jack'D showed higher order rates (3.29 kits/day) compared to Instagram (0.34 kits/day) and Bing (0 kits/day). There were no associations among self-test kit ordering and HIV-related stigma, perceptions about HIV testing and treatment, and mistrust of medical organizations.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings show that using popular dating apps might be an efficient way to promote HIV self-testing. Stigma, perceptions about HIV testing and treatment, or mistrust of medical organizations may not affect order rates of HIV test kits promoted on the internet.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04155502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04155502.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR2-10.2196/20417.

摘要

背景

社交媒体网站、约会应用程序和信息搜索网站已被用于接触感染艾滋病毒风险较高的人群。然而，鉴于不同平台的用户可能具有不同特征，影响他们接受艾滋病毒检测的意愿，目前尚不清楚哪个平台在促进家庭艾滋病毒自我检测方面效率最高。

目的

本研究旨在比较社交媒体网站、约会应用程序和信息搜索网站在促进艾滋病毒感染风险增加的少数男男性行为者（MSM）中进行艾滋病毒自我检测的相对有效性。检测试剂盒订购率被用作评估推广效果的指标。此外，我们评估了订购和未订购艾滋病毒检测试剂盒的参与者之间的特征差异。

方法

在三个不同平台的热门网站上投放符合文化背景的广告：社交媒体网站（Facebook、Instagram）、约会应用程序（Grindr、Jack'D）和信息搜索网站（Google、Bing）。广告针对有艾滋病毒暴露风险的年轻（18 - 30岁）和少数族裔（黑人或拉丁裔）男男性行为者。招募分两波进行，每波在同一时期在每种类型的1个平台上投放广告。参与者完成了一项基线调查，评估性或注射使用行为、包括酒精在内的物质使用情况、检测的心理准备程度、对艾滋病毒检测和治疗的态度以及与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感。参与者收到一个电子代码以订购免费的家庭艾滋病毒自我检测试剂盒。在入组后14天和60天进行随访评估，以评估艾滋病毒自我检测试剂盒的使用情况和暴露前预防（PrEP）的采用情况。

结果

总共招募了271名参与者，254名被纳入最终分析。在这254名参与者中，177名（69.7%）订购了家庭艾滋病毒自我检测试剂盒。大多数自我检测试剂盒是由从约会应用程序招募的参与者订购的。由于入组率较低的波次，波次间的统计比较不可行。波次内比较显示，与Instagram（0.34试剂盒/天）和Bing（0试剂盒/天）相比，Jack'D的订购率更高（3.29试剂盒/天）。自我检测试剂盒订购与艾滋病毒相关耻辱感、对艾滋病毒检测和治疗的看法以及对医疗机构的不信任之间没有关联。