Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, School of Life & Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine & Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, People's Republic of China.
Virology. 2022 Nov;576:42-51. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.09.002. Epub 2022 Sep 19.
Bats are important reservoirs for viruses of public health and veterinary concern. Virus studies in Australian bats usually target the families Paramyxoviridae, Coronaviridae and Rhabdoviridae, with little known about their overall virome composition. We used metatranscriptomic sequencing to characterise the faecal virome of grey-headed flying foxes from three colonies in urban/suburban locations from two Australian states. We identified viruses from three mammalian-infecting (Coronaviridae, Caliciviridae, Retroviridae) and one possible mammalian-infecting (Birnaviridae) family. Of particular interest were a novel bat betacoronavirus (subgenus Nobecovirus) and a novel bat sapovirus (Caliciviridae), the first identified in Australian bats, as well as a potentially exogenous retrovirus. The novel betacoronavirus was detected in two sampling locations 1375 km apart and falls in a viral lineage likely with a long association with bats. This study highlights the utility of unbiased sequencing of faecal samples for identifying novel viruses and revealing broad-scale patterns of virus ecology and evolution.
蝙蝠是重要的病毒储存库，这些病毒对公共卫生和兽医领域都有重要意义。澳大利亚蝙蝠的病毒研究通常针对副黏病毒科、冠状病毒科和弹状病毒科，而对其病毒组的整体组成知之甚少。我们使用宏转录组测序技术，对来自澳大利亚两个州的三个城市/郊区蝙蝠种群的粪便病毒组进行了研究。我们从三个哺乳动物感染病毒科（冠状病毒科、杯状病毒科和逆转录病毒科）和一个可能感染哺乳动物的病毒科（二分病毒科）中鉴定出了病毒。特别值得关注的是一种新型蝙蝠β冠状病毒（属诺布科病毒）和一种新型蝙蝠沙波病毒（杯状病毒科），这是首次在澳大利亚蝙蝠中发现的病毒，还有一种可能是外源性逆转录病毒。新型β冠状病毒在相隔 1375 公里的两个采样地点被检测到，它属于一个可能与蝙蝠长期相关的病毒谱系。本研究强调了对粪便样本进行无偏测序以识别新型病毒并揭示病毒生态和进化的广泛模式的实用性。
