Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215006, P.R. China.
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221004, P.R. China.
ACS Nano. 2022 Oct 25;16(10):17062-17079. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07338. Epub 2022 Sep 26.
Activated fibroblast-like synovial (FLS) cells are regarded as an important target for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment via starvation therapy mediated by glucose oxidase (GOx). However, the hypoxic RA-FLS environment greatly reduces the oxidation process of glucose and leads to a poor therapeutic effect of the GOx-based starvation therapy. In this work, we designed a hollow mesoporous copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS NPs)-based smart GOx/atovaquone (ATO) codelivery system (named as V-HAGC) targeting RA-FLS cells to realize a O-economized dual energy inhibition strategy to solve the limitation of GOx-based starvation therapy. V-HAGC armed with dual multi-stimuli-responsive "doorkeepers" can guard drugs intelligently. Once under the stimulation of photothermal and acidic conditions at the targeted area, the dual intelligent responsive "doors" would orderly open to realize the controllable release of drugs. Besides, the efficacy of V-HAGC would be much improved by the additional chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) stimulated by CuS NPs. Meanwhile, the upregulated HO and acid levels by starvation therapy would promote the Fenton-like reaction of CuS NPs under O-economized dual energy inhibition, which could enhance the PTT and CDT efficacy as well. and evaluations revealed V-HAGC with much improved efficacy of this combination therapy for RA. In general, the smart V-HAGC based on the O-economized dual energy inhibition strategy combined with enhanced CDT and PTT has the potential to be an alternative methodology in the treatment of RA.
活化的成纤维样滑膜 (FLS) 细胞被认为是通过葡萄糖氧化酶 (GOx) 介导的饥饿疗法治疗类风湿关节炎 (RA) 的一个重要靶点。然而,RA-FLS 细胞的低氧环境大大降低了葡萄糖的氧化过程,导致基于 GOx 的饥饿疗法的治疗效果不佳。在这项工作中,我们设计了一种基于中空介孔硫化铜纳米粒子 (CuS NPs) 的智能 GOx/阿托伐醌 (ATO) 共递药系统 (命名为 V-HAGC),以靶向 RA-FLS 细胞,实现 O 节约型双能量抑制策略,以解决基于 GOx 的饥饿疗法的局限性。武装有双重多刺激响应“守门员”的 V-HAGC 可以智能地守护药物。一旦在靶向区域受到光热和酸性条件的刺激,双智能响应“门”将有序打开,实现药物的可控释放。此外,CuS NPs 刺激的额外化学动力学治疗 (CDT) 和光热治疗 (PTT) 可大大提高 V-HAGC 的疗效。同时,饥饿疗法引起的 HO 和酸水平的上调会促进 O 节约型双能量抑制下 CuS NPs 的类芬顿反应,从而增强 PTT 和 CDT 的疗效。 和 评估表明,这种联合疗法的 V-HAGC 具有更好的 RA 治疗效果。总的来说,基于 O 节约型双能量抑制策略的智能 V-HAGC 结合增强的 CDT 和 PTT 具有成为 RA 治疗替代方法的潜力。