Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
QualiCCare, Baden, Switzerland.
Vaccine. 2022 Oct 19;40(44):6326-6336. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.038. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
Seasonal influenza may cause serious illness, especially in high-risk populations such as older adults and individuals suffering from non-communicable diseases (NCD) and may be prevented by a vaccination. However, an assessment of the impact of the Swiss legal frameworks and number of health activities on influenza vaccination coverage of the population at the cantonal level is lacking.
Two participating healthcare insurers sent out 25,000 semi-structured questionnaires to their subscribers aged 60-85 in five Swiss cantons selected according to the number of health activities and legal framework regarding influenza vaccination and linguistic region. Influenza vaccination coverage of the participants was evaluated and stratified by disease status, age, canton, and linguistic region. Results were compared by cantonal activities, legal framework, and linguistic region.
7,617 valid questionnaires were evaluated from the cantons Aargau, Jura, St. Gallen, Schwyz, and Vaud. 47.9 % stated to have an NCD, with the most frequent being muscle/ skeletal disease (36.7%). Before 2018, 48.6% were vaccinated against influenza, and 35.9% in 2019, with the highest in canton Vaud. In all cantons and in both survey periods, NCD patients and those aged 73-85 had a higher vaccination coverage than participants without NCD, and aged 60-72. There was no difference in the odds of getting an influenza shot based on legal framework. Although a comparison of the number of activities between the German-speaking cantons did not reveal any significant differences, the odds of the participants living in a French-speaking canton getting an influenza vaccination was more likely than those living in a German-speaking canton.
There was no association between the investigated cantonal frameworks and number of health activities and influenza vaccination coverage in NCD patients in the selected cantons. However, age, disease status and linguistic region appear to have an influence on vaccination uptake.
季节性流感可能导致严重疾病，尤其是在老年人和患有非传染性疾病（NCD）的高危人群中，可通过疫苗接种预防。然而，在州级层面上，评估瑞士法律框架和卫生活动数量对人群流感疫苗接种覆盖率的影响还很缺乏。
两个参与的医疗保险公司向他们在五个瑞士州的 60-85 岁的订户寄出了 25000 份半结构化问卷，这些州是根据流感疫苗接种的卫生活动数量和法律框架以及语言区域选择的。评估了参与者的流感疫苗接种覆盖率，并按疾病状况、年龄、州和语言区域进行分层。按州活动、法律框架和语言区域比较结果。
从阿尔高州、汝拉州、圣加仑州、施维茨州和沃州评估了 7617 份有效的问卷。47.9%的人患有 NCD，最常见的是肌肉/骨骼疾病（36.7%）。2018 年之前，48.6%的人接种了流感疫苗，2019 年为 35.9%，沃州的接种率最高。在所有州和两个调查期间，患有 NCD 的患者和 73-85 岁的患者的疫苗接种率高于没有 NCD 的患者和 60-72 岁的患者。法律框架对获得流感疫苗的几率没有影响。尽管德语州之间的活动数量比较没有显示出任何显著差异，但居住在法语州的参与者接种流感疫苗的几率比居住在德语州的参与者更高。
在所选择的州中，调查的州级框架和卫生活动数量与 NCD 患者的流感疫苗接种覆盖率之间没有关联。然而，年龄、疾病状况和语言区域似乎对疫苗接种率有影响。
