de Sousa Isabella Louise Morais, Silveira Rodrigo, Takito Mônica Yuri, Pereira Adenilson Leão, Lucianelli-Júnior Dalberto, Carmona Giselle Sousa, Viegas Ana Paula do Vale, Teixeira Francisco Bruno, Santos Ozélia Sousa, Valentin Fernanda Nogueira
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Altamira, Brazil.
Campus 'University City Armando de Salles Oliveira (CUASO)', University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Sep 8;13:888234. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.888234. eCollection 2022.
The impact of social isolation in the pandemic context on elderly Brazilian mental health is little known, especially about the occurrence of depressive symptoms. In this study, we evaluated elderly people undergoing social isolation in order to identify factors associated with depression and which of these are more important to characterize elderly Brazilians with depression. In a cross-sectional, exploratory, and analytical study of a quantitative nature, the mental profile of elderly individuals subjected to social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic period was used. A total of 450 participants was divided into normal and depressive groups, and a form covering sociodemographic data, opinions/perceptions about the pandemic, and a Reduced Geriatric Depression Scale was used to assess participants' mental health. To assess the statistical significance between the variables, chi-square test was applied, considering the -value <0.05. The effect size was analyzed to identify the magnitude of the difference between groups. To identify the most important characteristics to define the groups Multilayer Perceptron algorithm were applied. We found that elderly people with a depressive profile are (in Multilayer Perceptron rank order) (1) showing signs of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) of low education, (3) being divorced, (4) having more than one mental disorder, (5) reading, watching, or listening to information about COVID-19, and (6) being previously diagnosed with depression. In conclusion, elderly Brazilians in social isolation tend to develop depressive disorders during quarantine. Thus, we can consider that the pandemic requires effective and safe gerontological care and monitoring, especially with regard to mental health.
在疫情背景下，社交隔离对巴西老年人心理健康的影响鲜为人知，尤其是关于抑郁症状的发生情况。在本研究中，我们对处于社交隔离状态的老年人进行了评估，以确定与抑郁症相关的因素，以及其中哪些因素对于表征患有抑郁症的巴西老年人更为重要。在一项定量的横断面、探索性和分析性研究中，我们采用了在新冠疫情期间处于社交隔离状态的老年人的心理状况。总共450名参与者被分为正常组和抑郁组，并使用一份涵盖社会人口统计学数据、对疫情的看法/认知以及简化老年抑郁量表的表格来评估参与者的心理健康。为了评估变量之间的统计学显著性，应用了卡方检验，考虑p值<0.05。分析效应大小以确定组间差异的幅度。为了确定定义这些组的最重要特征，应用了多层感知器算法。我们发现，具有抑郁特征的老年人（按多层感知器排名顺序）为：（1）在新冠疫情期间表现出焦虑迹象，（2）教育程度低，（3）离婚，（4）患有不止一种精神障碍，（5）阅读、观看或收听有关新冠疫情的信息，以及（6）先前被诊断患有抑郁症。总之，处于社交隔离状态的巴西老年人在隔离期间容易患上抑郁症。因此，我们可以认为，疫情需要有效且安全的老年护理和监测，尤其是在心理健康方面。
