学术儿科教职员工中的性别歧视和报告经历：一项定性、单机构研究。
Gender Discrimination and Reporting Experiences among Academic Pediatric Faculty: A Qualitative, Single-institution Study.
机构信息
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology (AR Rosenberg), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash; Palliative Care and Resilience Program (AR Rosenberg, KS Barton, C Bradford), Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash.
Palliative Care and Resilience Program (AR Rosenberg, KS Barton, C Bradford), Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash; Core for Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Analytics in Research (KS Barton, C Bradford), Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Wash.
出版信息
Acad Pediatr. 2023 Apr;23(3):569-578. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.09.014. Epub 2022 Sep 23.
OBJECTIVE
Gender-harassment is well-described in academic medicine, including pediatrics. We explored academic pediatricians' qualitative descriptions of: 1) workplace gender-harassment; 2) its professional and emotional tolls; 3) barriers to and outcomes of reporting gender-harassment; and 4) tools to intervene.
METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional, anonymous, survey-based study within a single, large pediatrics department. Surveys included demographic items, validated measures to assess prevalence of gender-harassment, and optional, free-text boxes to elaborate. Here, we present the directed content analyses of free-text responses. Two trained qualitative researchers coded participant comments to identify types of gender-harassment, its impact, and participants' experiences reporting it. Final agreement between coders was outstanding (Kappa>0.9). A secondary, inductive analysis illustrated the emotional burdens of and opportunities to interrupt gender-harassment.
RESULTS
Of 524 total faculty, 290 (55%) completed the survey and 144 (27% of total, 50% of survey-respondents) provided text-responses. This sub-cohort was predominantly white women >5 years on-faculty. Compared to the full cohort, sub-cohort participants had more commonly witnessed/experienced workplace-harassment; 92% of sub-cohort women and 52% of men endorsed fear of reporting it. Respondents described harassment by institutional staff (24% of respondents), patients/families (35%), colleagues (50%), supervisors/leadership (50%), and the system (63%). Women used stronger emotional descriptors than men (ie, "humiliated" vs "uncomfortable"). Only 19% of women (and no men) had reported witnessed/experienced harassment; 24% of those described a negative consequence and 95% noted that no changes were made thereafter.
CONCLUSIONS
This single-center study suggests gender-harassment in academic pediatrics is common. Faculty feel fear and futility reporting it.
目的
性别骚扰在学术医学领域，包括儿科领域，已有详细描述。我们探讨了学术儿科医生对以下方面的定性描述：1）工作场所性别骚扰；2）其对职业和情绪的影响；3）报告性别骚扰的障碍和结果；以及 4）干预手段。
方法
我们在一个大型儿科系内进行了一项横断面、匿名、基于调查的研究。调查包括人口统计学项目、评估性别骚扰发生率的经过验证的衡量标准，以及可选的自由文本框来详细说明。在这里，我们呈现了对自由文本回复的有针对性的内容分析。两位经过培训的定性研究人员对参与者的评论进行编码，以确定性别骚扰的类型、其影响以及参与者报告骚扰的经历。编码员之间的最终一致性非常出色（Kappa>0.9）。二次归纳分析说明了打断性别骚扰的情绪负担和机会。
结果
在 524 名教职员工中，有 290 名（55%）完成了调查，其中 144 名（占总数的 27%，调查回复者的 50%）提供了文本回复。该子队列主要由白人女性组成，在系内任职时间超过 5 年。与全体队列相比，子队列参与者更常见地目睹/经历过工作场所骚扰；92%的女性和 52%的男性表示担心报告骚扰。受访者描述了机构工作人员（24%的受访者）、患者/家属（35%）、同事（50%）、主管/领导层（50%）和系统（63%）的骚扰。女性比男性使用更强的情感描述词（例如，“羞辱”与“不舒服”）。只有 19%的女性（没有男性）报告过目睹/经历过骚扰；24%的人描述了一个负面后果，95%的人表示此后没有做出任何改变。
结论
这项单中心研究表明，学术儿科领域的性别骚扰很常见。教职员工在报告骚扰时感到恐惧和徒劳。
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