Comparison of Postoperative Enophthalmos Between Fresh and Delayed Unilateral Orbital Fractures After Orbital Reconstruction With Titanium Mesh Using Computer-Assisted Navigation.

This study compares postoperative enophthalmos between fresh and delayed unilateral orbital fractures after orbital reconstruction with titanium mesh using computer-assisted navigation. The sample was composed of 45 patients with post-traumatic unilateral enophthalmos who were divided into the fresh fracture group and the delayed fracture group. They underwent orbital reconstruction with standard preformed orbital implants and computer-assisted navigation system. The following parameters were measured with computed tomography images: the degree of enophthalmos, orbital volume, and fracture defect area. Patients were reviewed preoperatively (T0), 1 week postoperatively (T1), and 6 months postoperatively (T2). Computed tomography measurements showed that in both groups, the degree of enophthalmos decreased after surgery but increased significantly from T1 to T2 ( P <0.05). ΔE (difference in the degree of enophthalmos between T1 and T2) was similar in patients with fresh and delayed fractures. There was a significant difference in the degree of ΔE between patients with single-wall orbital fractures and those with two-wall orbital fractures. The findings indicate that postoperative enophthalmos is common in both the groups and is closely related to the degree of preoperative enophthalmos. Furthermore, the recurrence of enophthalmos is similar between the 2 groups, but it is higher in patients with orbital fractures involving 2 walls.