Electrochemical Synthesis of Polysubstituted Sulfonated Pyrazoles via Cascade Intermolecular Condensation, Radical-Radical Cross Coupling Sulfonylation, and Pyrazole Annulation.

Electrochemical synthesis of polysubstituted sulfonated pyrazoles from enaminones and sulfonyl hydrazides was established under metal-free, exogenous-oxidant-free, and mild conditions. By judicious choice of different electrochemical reaction conditions, -functionalized enaminones or ,-disubstituted enaminones can react with aryl/alkyl sulfonyl hydrazides to afford tetra- or trisubstituted sulfonated pyrazoles in moderate to good yields, respectively. The gram-scale electrochemical transformation demonstrated the efficiency and practicability of this synthetic strategy. In addition, the sulfonated -pyrazole can be obtained via the dissociation of the -tosyl group. Mechanistic studies reveal that the electrochemical cascade reaction synthesis of polysubstituted sulfonated pyrazoles proceeded via the sequence of intermolecular condensation, radical-radical cross coupling sulfonylation, and pyrazole annulation.