Department of Applied Environmental Science, Graduate School Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Korea.
Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.
Indoor Air. 2022 Sep;32(9):e13107. doi: 10.1111/ina.13107.
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of environmental factors including disinfection on airborne microbiome during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, we evaluated indoor and outdoor air collected from 19 classrooms regularly disinfected. Extracted bacterial and fungal DNA samples were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq™ platform. Using bacterial DNA copy number concentrations from qPCR analysis, multiple linear regressions including environmental factors as predictors were performed. Microbial diversity and community composition were evaluated. Classrooms disinfected with spray ≤1 week before sampling had lower bacterial DNA concentration (3116 DNA copies/m ) than those >1 week (5003 copies/m ) (p-values = 0.06). The bacterial DNA copy number concentration increased with temperature and was higher in classrooms in coastal than inland cities (p-values <0.01). Bacterial diversity in outdoor air was higher in coastal than inland cities while outdoor fungal diversity was higher in inland than coastal cities. These outdoor microbiomes affected classroom microbial diversity but bacterial community composition at the genus level in occupied classrooms were similar between coastal and inland cities. Our findings emphasize that environmental conditions including disinfection, climate, and school location are important factors in shaping classroom microbiota. Yet, further research is needed to understand the effects of modified microbiome by disinfection on occupants' health.
本研究旨在探讨环境因素（包括消毒）对 2019 年冠状病毒病期间空气微生物组的影响，我们评估了定期消毒的 19 间教室的室内和室外空气。使用 Illumina MiSeq™平台对提取的细菌和真菌 DNA 样本进行测序。使用 qPCR 分析中的细菌 DNA 拷贝数浓度，进行了包括环境因素作为预测因子的多元线性回归分析。评估了微生物多样性和群落组成。与消毒后 1 周以上采样的教室相比，消毒后 1 周内采样的教室的细菌 DNA 浓度（3116 个 DNA 拷贝/立方米）较低（p 值=0.06）。细菌 DNA 拷贝数浓度随温度升高而升高，沿海城市的教室高于内陆城市（p 值<0.01）。沿海城市的室外空气细菌多样性高于内陆城市，而内陆城市的室外空气真菌多样性高于沿海城市。这些室外微生物组影响了教室的微生物多样性，但沿海和内陆城市的已占用教室的细菌群落组成在属水平上相似。我们的研究结果强调，包括消毒、气候和学校位置在内的环境条件是塑造教室微生物群的重要因素。然而，需要进一步的研究来了解消毒对被占用人健康的微生物组的影响。
