Institute of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2022 Dec;77(4):495-503. doi: 10.1007/s11130-022-01008-8. Epub 2022 Sep 28.
Yerba Mate (YM) is a food product derived from Ilex paraguariensis whose constituents obtained from its extract, mainly the phenolic fraction, have been linked to numerous health benefits, such as cardiovascular protection, weight reduction, glucose control, and gene modulation. However, evidences linking phenolic compounds (PC) intake and human health are still limited and often contentious. Several researches have shown that key PC elements are poorly absorbed in humans and exist predominantly as conjugates, which may not be bioactive but may play a crucial role when interacting with the gut microbiota (GM). As the intestine is the largest microorganism-populated organ in the human body, GM has been regarded as a "microbial organ", acting as a second genome for modulating the host's health phenotype. For this reason, the study of intestinal microbiota has received considerable attention in recent years. Its impact on the development of nutrition-related diseases must motivate broader researches on the interaction between YM's PC and GM regarding the production of metabolites that may influence human health. This review aimed to gather and assess the available information about how PC from YM may impact host metabolism and the immune system and GM.
马黛茶（YM）是一种源自冬青科巴拉圭冬青的食品，其提取物中的成分，主要是酚类部分，与许多健康益处有关，如心血管保护、体重减轻、血糖控制和基因调节。然而，将酚类化合物（PC）的摄入与人类健康联系起来的证据仍然有限，而且常常存在争议。一些研究表明，关键的 PC 元素在人类体内吸收不良，主要以共轭物的形式存在，这些共轭物可能没有生物活性，但在与肠道微生物群（GM）相互作用时可能发挥关键作用。由于肠道是人体中微生物种群最多的器官，GM 被视为“微生物器官”，作为调节宿主健康表型的第二个基因组。出于这个原因，近年来对肠道微生物群的研究受到了相当多的关注。它对营养相关疾病发展的影响必须促使人们更广泛地研究 YM 的 PC 与 GM 之间的相互作用，以研究可能影响人类健康的代谢产物的产生。本综述旨在收集和评估有关 YM 的 PC 如何影响宿主代谢和免疫系统以及 GM 的现有信息。
