Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, G. Narutowicza 11/12 Str, Poland; GREMI, UMR 7344, Université d'Orléans, CNRS, 45067 Orléans, France.
Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, G. Narutowicza 11/12 Str, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jan 20;857(Pt 2):159043. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159043. Epub 2022 Sep 27.
Aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) are toxic environmental contaminants presented in most of the environmental matrices. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the removal of AHs in the account of complete mineralization from various environmental matrices have been reviewed in this paper. An in-depth discussion on various AOPs for mono (BTEX) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives is presented. Most of the AOPs were effective in the removal of AHs from the aquatic environment. A comparative study on the degradation of various AHs revealed that the oxidation of the AHs is strongly dependent on the number of aromatic rings and the functional groups attached to the ring. The formation of halogenated and nitrated derivatives of AHs in the real contaminated water containing chloride, nitrite, and nitrate ions seems to be a challenge in using the AOPs in real systems. The phenolic compounds, quinone, alcohols, and aliphatic acids are the important byproducts formed during the oxidation of AHs, initiated by the attack of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on their electron-rich center. In conclusion, AOPs are the adaptable method for the removal of AHs from different environmental matrices. The persulfate-based AOPs were applied in the soil phase removal as an in situ chemical oxidation of AHs. Moreover, the combination of AOPs will be a conclusive solution to avoid or minimize unexpected or other toxic intermediate products and to obtain rapid oxidation of AHs.
芳烃（AHs）是存在于大多数环境基质中的有毒环境污染物。本文综述了用于从各种环境基质中完全矿化去除 AHs 的高级氧化工艺（AOPs）。对单（BTEX）和多环芳烃（PAHs）及其衍生物的各种 AOP 进行了深入讨论。大多数 AOP 对从水相中去除 AHs 是有效的。对各种 AHs 降解的比较研究表明，AHs 的氧化强烈依赖于芳环的数量和连接在环上的官能团。在含有氯离子、亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐离子的实际污染水中，AHs 形成卤代和硝化衍生物，这似乎是在实际系统中使用 AOPs 的一个挑战。酚类化合物、醌、醇和脂肪族酸是在 AHs 氧化过程中由活性氧物种（ROS）攻击其富电子中心形成的重要副产物。总之，AOPs 是从不同环境基质中去除 AHs 的一种适应性方法。基于过硫酸盐的 AOP 已应用于土壤相中作为 AHs 的原位化学氧化。此外，AOPs 的组合将是避免或最小化意外或其他有毒中间产物并获得 AHs 快速氧化的决定性解决方案。
