College of Water Resources, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
Yunnan Intermountain Basin Land Use Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Kunming, 650201, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Feb;30(6):16236-16252. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23279-z. Epub 2022 Oct 1.
Environmental degradation is a global ecological concern, and land use transitions play a critical role in a region's ecological well-being and long-term sustainability. In this paper, indicators related to land use transitions, including the regional eco-environmental quality index (EV), the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), and soil erosion, are selected to analyze the eco-environmental quality of Erhai Lake Basin from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2020, forestland, grassland, and cultivated land were the major land use types in the study region, and also the land use types where land use transition was notable; (2) over the 20 years of study, the EV value of Erhai Lake Basin increased by 0.003, its average RSEI increased by 0.14, and the average soil erosion modulus there decreased by 15.48 t/(km·a), indicating that the eco-environment of the Erhai Lake Basin was improving. Evaluation based on multiple ecological indicators was superior to assessment relying on single indicators; (3) all three ecological indicators showed that the ecological environment of the basin was improving, but with significant regional differences. Forestland had the best ecological quality, while unused land and built-up land had the worst. RSEI was more regionally adaptable than the other two indices. (4) The transition of cultivated land into other land use types was the main reason for the improved ecological quality in the basin, while tourism had accelerated land use transformation. Compared with assessment based on single ecological indicators, evaluation based on a combination of multiple ecological indicators can more accurately reflect the ecological condition of the study area and provide a basis for eco-environmental protection in Erhai Lake Basin.
环境恶化是一个全球性的生态问题，土地利用转型在区域生态福祉和长期可持续性方面起着关键作用。本文选择了与土地利用转型相关的指标，包括区域生态环境质量指数（EV）、遥感生态指数（RSEI）和土壤侵蚀，来分析 2000 年至 2020 年洱海流域的生态环境质量。结果表明：（1）2000 年至 2020 年，林地、草地和耕地是研究区的主要土地利用类型，也是土地利用变化明显的土地利用类型；（2）在 20 年的研究期间，洱海流域的 EV 值增加了 0.003，平均 RSEI 增加了 0.14，平均土壤侵蚀模数减少了 15.48 t/（km·a），表明洱海流域的生态环境正在改善。基于多个生态指标的评估优于依赖单一指标的评估；（3）三个生态指标均表明流域生态环境在改善，但区域差异显著。林地的生态质量最好，而未利用地和建设用地的生态质量最差。RSEI 比其他两个指标更具区域适应性；（4）耕地向其他土地利用类型的转变是流域生态质量改善的主要原因，而旅游业加速了土地利用的转变。与基于单一生态指标的评估相比，基于多个生态指标的综合评估可以更准确地反映研究区的生态状况，为洱海流域的生态环境保护提供依据。
