Business School, University of Jinan, Jinan 250002, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 1;20(3):2653. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032653.
Lake basins are one of the most significant areas of human-land interaction. It is essential for the region's ecological protection and high-quality development to assess their ecological vulnerability (EV) and analyze the key driving factors of EV. Considering the characteristics of the lake basin, we chose 17 indicators to evaluate the EV of the Nansi Lake Basin based on the "sensitivity-resilience-pressure" (SRP) model. Then, spatial principal component analysis (SPCA) and a transfer matrix were used to analyze the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of the EV. Moreover, the optimal parameters-based geographical detector (OPGD) was applied to investigate the factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity of the EV. The results indicated that the EV of the Nansi Lake Basin was characterized by a circling spatial structure, with low values distributed in the Nansi Lake and its surrounding areas, as well as high values concentrated in the northwest. The EV of the Nansi Lake Basin decreased from 2010 to 2020, indicating that the overall ecological pressure in the Nansi Lake Basin decreased. Climatic factors, land use type, and habitat quality were the primary factors that influenced the spatial heterogeneity of the EV in the basin. Our findings can serve as policy guidelines for ecological management and the sustainable development of the Nansi Lake Basin and also contribute to the EV assessment of lake basins.
湖泊流域是人类与土地相互作用的重要区域之一。评估其生态脆弱性（EV）并分析 EV 的关键驱动因素，对于该区域的生态保护和高质量发展至关重要。考虑到湖泊流域的特点，我们选择了 17 个指标，基于“敏感性-弹性-压力”（SRP）模型来评估南四湖流域的 EV。然后，采用空间主成分分析（SPCA）和传递矩阵来分析 EV 的时空变化特征。此外，还应用基于最优参数的地理探测器（OPGD）来研究影响 EV 空间异质性的因素。结果表明，南四湖流域的 EV 具有盘旋的空间结构特征，低值区分布在南四湖及其周边地区，高值区集中在流域西北部。南四湖流域的 EV 从 2010 年到 2020 年呈下降趋势，表明南四湖流域的整体生态压力有所减小。气候因素、土地利用类型和生境质量是影响流域 EV 空间异质性的主要因素。本研究结果可为南四湖流域的生态管理和可持续发展提供政策指导，同时也为湖泊流域的 EV 评估提供参考。
