Menezes Nelmo V, Barros-Oliveira Cynthia S, Salvatori Roberto, Gois Vinicius C, Marinho Cindi G, Oliveira Carla R P, Campos Viviane C, Oliveira-Santos Alécia A, Santos-Júnior Hertz T, Santos Elenilde G, Melo Enaldo V, Faro Augusto C N, Oliveira Neima V, Gumes-Felix Hérika M, Melo Gustavo B, Aguiar-Oliveira Manuel H
Division of Ophthalmology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, 49060-100, Brazil.
Division of Endocrinology, Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, University Hospital, Street Claudio Batista s/n, Aracaju, SE, 49060-100, Brazil.
Int J Retina Vitreous. 2022 Oct 1;8(1):72. doi: 10.1186/s40942-022-00408-x.
The somatotrophic axis, including hypothalamic growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone (GHRH), pituitary GH and circulating IGF-I, is critical for body size. However, the local production of GH/IGF-I (and IGF-II) and other peptides is relevant for other body functions, such as vascular, brain, and retinal function. The consequences of GH deficiency (GHD) on the retinal structure are still unclear, possibly reflecting the heterogeneity of patients and the different types of assessment in previous publications. Our purpose was to assess quantitative measures of the vascular and neural components of the retina in subjects with severe congenital isolated GHD (IGHD).
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 25 adult IGHD subjects and 25 age- and gender-matched controls. Interview, physical examination, laboratory data, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed.
OCT revealed no difference in the areas of the nerve fiber layer average, nor in the areas of superior, inferior, or nasal quadrants, between the two groups. However, areas of the temporal quadrant (p = 0.041), the optical disc (p = 0.042), the cup (p < 0.0001), as well as the cup/disc ratio (p < 0.0001), were higher in IGHD subjects than controls. The rim area was smaller (p = 0.002), although still normal. In OCTA, there was no difference in the minimum foveal thickness, central fovea, foveal avascular zone, and retinal density in any assessed area.
In conclusion, congenital IGHD does not affect quantitative measures of the vascular and neural retina, and it is associated with increased optical disc in this genetically homogeneous cohort.
包括下丘脑生长激素（GH）释放激素（GHRH）、垂体GH和循环胰岛素样生长因子I（IGF-I）在内的生长激素轴对身体大小至关重要。然而，GH/IGF-I（以及IGF-II）和其他肽的局部产生与其他身体功能相关，如血管、大脑和视网膜功能。GH缺乏（GHD）对视网膜结构的影响仍不清楚，这可能反映了患者的异质性以及先前出版物中不同的评估类型。我们的目的是评估严重先天性孤立性GHD（IGHD）患者视网膜血管和神经成分的定量指标。
对25名成年IGHD患者和25名年龄及性别匹配的对照者进行了横断面研究。进行了访谈、体格检查、实验室检查、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和OCT血管造影（OCTA）。
OCT显示两组之间神经纤维层平均面积、上象限、下象限或鼻象限面积均无差异。然而，IGHD患者的颞象限面积（p = 0.041）、视盘面积（p = 0.042）、杯盘面积（p < 0.0001）以及杯盘比（p < 0.0001）均高于对照组。边缘面积较小（p = 0.002），尽管仍属正常。在OCTA中，任何评估区域的最小黄斑厚度、中央凹、黄斑无血管区和视网膜密度均无差异。
总之，先天性IGHD不影响视网膜血管和神经的定量指标，并且在这个基因同质的队列中与视盘增大有关。
