Doheny Image Reading Center, Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Curr Eye Res. 2022 Nov;47(11):1547-1552. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2022.2126860. Epub 2022 Oct 2.
To evaluate whether processing a color fundus photo (CFP) using an image embossing technique can improve the detection of reticular pseudodrusen (RPD).
This post-hoc analysis included the eyes of subjects enrolled in the Amish Eye Study with early or intermediate age-related macular degeneration and evidence of RPD. All patients underwent CFP, near-infrared reflectance (NIR), and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging. The ground-truth presence of RPD was established with a combination of NIR and FAF imaging. An embossing processed (EP) image was created by replacing each pixel of the CFP image with a highlight or a shadow representing light and dark boundaries in the original CFP image. The presence of RPD in CFP and EP images was assessed by two graders in a masked fashion and the sensitivity of CFP and EP for detection of RPD was evaluated. Cohen's kappa (k) was used to test inter-grader agreement for CFP and EP.
A total of 106 eyes from 62 patients with RPDs were analyzed. The sensitivity for detection of RPD on CFP and EP was 63.2% (95%CI: 52.0%-74.4%) and 91.5% (95%CI: 85.0%-98.0%), respectively. The inter-rater reliabilities of CFP and EP for RPD detection were 0.81 and 0.84, respectively.
Embossing of CFP can improve the sensitivity for detection of RPD. The embossing technique can be a useful tool for better assessment of the true frequency of RPD in datasets where only CFP images are available.
评估使用图像浮雕技术处理彩色眼底照片（CFP）是否可以提高网状假性脉络膜（RPD）的检测效果。
本回顾性分析纳入了早发性或中期年龄相关性黄斑变性且存在 RPD 证据的 Amish 眼研究受试者的眼部。所有患者均接受 CFP、近红外反射（NIR）和眼底自发荧光（FAF）成像检查。RPD 的存在通过 NIR 和 FAF 成像的组合来确定。通过用代表原始 CFP 图像中明暗边界的高光或阴影替换 CFP 图像中的每个像素，创建浮雕处理（EP）图像。两位评估者以盲法评估 CFP 和 EP 图像中 RPD 的存在，并评估 CFP 和 EP 检测 RPD 的敏感性。采用 Cohen's kappa（k）检验评估 CFP 和 EP 的评估者间一致性。
共分析了 62 例 RPD 患者的 106 只眼。CFP 和 EP 检测 RPD 的敏感性分别为 63.2%（95%CI：52.0%-74.4%）和 91.5%（95%CI：85.0%-98.0%）。CFP 和 EP 检测 RPD 的评估者间可靠性分别为 0.81 和 0.84。
CFP 的浮雕处理可以提高 RPD 的检测敏感性。在仅可提供 CFP 图像的数据集，浮雕技术可作为一种有用的工具，更好地评估 RPD 的真实发生率。
