INSERM U932, PSL University, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique, Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France; Centre d'investigation Clinique en Biothérapie Gustave-Roussy Institut Curie (CIC-BT1428) Institut Curie, Paris 75005, France.
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Semin Immunol. 2022 Mar;60:101659. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2022.101659. Epub 2022 Sep 29.
Identifying antigens recognized by T cells is still challenging, particularly for innate like T cells that do not recognize peptides but small metabolites or lipids in the context of MHC-like molecules or see non-MHC restricted antigens. The fundamental reason for this situation is the low affinity of T cell receptors for their ligands coupled with a level of degeneracy that makes them bind to similar surfaces on antigen presenting cells. Herein we will describe non-exhaustively some of the methods that were used to identify peptide antigens and briefly mention the high throughput methods more recently proposed for that purpose. We will then present how the molecules recognized by innate like T cells (NKT, MAIT and γδ T cells) were discovered. We will show that serendipity was instrumental in many cases.
鉴定 T 细胞识别的抗原仍然具有挑战性，特别是对于先天样 T 细胞，它们不识别肽段，而是在 MHC 样分子的背景下识别小分子代谢物或脂质，或者识别非 MHC 限制的抗原。造成这种情况的根本原因是 T 细胞受体与其配体的亲和力低，加上一定程度的简并性，使它们结合到抗原呈递细胞上相似的表面。在此，我们将非详尽地描述一些用于鉴定肽抗原的方法，并简要提及最近为此目的提出的高通量方法。然后，我们将介绍先天样 T 细胞（NKT、MAIT 和 γδ T 细胞）识别的分子是如何被发现的。我们将表明，在许多情况下，机缘巧合起到了重要作用。
