着陆日的多项现场测试:早期活动可能改善太空飞行后的姿势恢复。

Multiple field tests on landing day: Early mobility may improve postural recovery following spaceflight.

作者信息

Rosenberg Marissa J, Reschke Millard F, Tomilovskaya Elena S, Wood Scott J

机构信息

KBR, Houston, TX, United States.

Neurosciences Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, United States.

出版信息

Front Physiol. 2022 Sep 14;13:921368. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921368. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

Adaptation to microgravity causes astronauts to experience sensorimotor disturbances during return to Earth leading to functional difficulties. Recently, the Field Test (FT) study involving an incrementally demanding sensorimotor functional test battery has allowed for an unprecedented view into early decrements and recovery from multiple tests conducted on the landing day following 6-months International Space Station missions. Although the protocol was challenging and temporarily increased motion sickness symptoms, there were anecdotal reports that performing these tasks within the first few hours of landing accelerated their recovery. Therefore, results from computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) following return to Houston were used to compare recovery between crewmembers that participated in FT ( = 18) with those that did not (controls, = 11). While there were significant decrements in postural performance for both groups, some FT participants tended to perform closer to their preflight baseline in the most challenging condition of the CDP sensitive to vestibular function-eyes closed, unstable support and head movements. However, the distribution of difference scores appeared bimodal with other FT participants in the lower range of performance. We attribute these observations to the manner in which the field tests were implemented-some benefitted by encouraging early movement to drive adaptation when performed in a constrained incremental fashion; however, movements above aversive thresholds may have impaired adaptation in others. Challenging the sensorimotor system with increasingly provocative movements performed as close to landing as possible, as long as within individual thresholds, could be a useful intervention to accelerate astronaut's sensorimotor readaptation that deserves further study.

摘要

适应微重力环境会使宇航员在返回地球时出现感觉运动障碍,从而导致功能困难。最近,一项涉及要求逐步提高的感觉运动功能测试组的实地测试(FT)研究,让人们以前所未有的视角了解到在国际空间站执行6个月任务后着陆当天进行的多次测试中的早期功能减退和恢复情况。尽管该方案具有挑战性且会暂时加重晕动病症状,但有传闻称在着陆后的头几个小时内完成这些任务能加速恢复。因此,返回休斯顿后通过计算机动态姿势描记法(CDP)得出的结果,被用于比较参与实地测试的机组人员(n = 18)和未参与的机组人员(对照组,n = 11)之间的恢复情况。虽然两组的姿势表现都有显著下降,但在对前庭功能敏感的CDP最具挑战性的条件下——闭眼、不稳定支撑和头部运动时,一些参与实地测试的人员的表现往往更接近飞行前的基线水平。然而,差异分数的分布呈现双峰模式,其他参与实地测试的人员表现处于较低水平。我们将这些观察结果归因于实地测试的实施方式——一些人通过以受限的递增方式进行测试时鼓励早期运动以促进适应而受益;然而,超过厌恶阈值的运动可能会损害其他人的适应能力。只要在个人阈值范围内,尽可能在接近着陆时进行越来越具挑战性的运动来挑战感觉运动系统,可能是一种加速宇航员感觉运动重新适应的有用干预措施,值得进一步研究。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fe60/9515505/1f1c54a85bc5/fphys-13-921368-g001.jpg

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