埃塞俄比亚东南部针对 COVID-19 大流行的风险认知、社区谣言和实践：基于社区的横断面研究。
Risk perception, community myth, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic in Southeast Ethiopia: Community based crossectional study.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Goba, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 3;17(10):e0275331. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275331. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess risk perception, community myths, and preventive practice towards COVID-19 among community in Southeast Ethiopia, 2020.
METHODS
Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 854 participants selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire adapted from previous literature. Descriptive statistics were done to summarize the variables. A generalized linear model with binary logistic specification was used to identify factors associated with risk perception and practice. Accordingly adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and those with p-value < 0.05 were considered as significant factors associated with risk perception and practice. Cluster analysis using a linear mixed model was performed to identify factors associated with community myth and those with p-value <0.05 were reported as significant factors associated with community myth.
RESULTS
All 854 respondents gave their answer yielding 100% response rate. Of these 547 (64.1%) were male, 611 (71.5%) were rural residents, 534 (62.5%) got information about COVID-19 from TV/radio, 591 (69.2%) of them live near health facility, 265 (30.8%) have a history of substance use and 100 (11.7%) have a history of chronic illness, and 415 (48.6%) of them have a high-risk perception, 428 (50.1%) have a wrong myth about COVID-19 and 366 (42.9%) have poor practice respectively. Residence, distances from health facility and myths were significantly associated with risk perception. Occupation, knowledge, and practice were significantly associated with community myths. Also level of education, living near health facilities, having good knowledge and wrong myth were significantly associated with the practice of utilizing COVID-19 preventive respectively.
CONCLUSION
The study found high-risk perception, high wrong community myth, and relatively low utilization of available practices towards COVID-19 and factors associated with them.
目的
本研究旨在评估 2020 年埃塞俄比亚东南部社区对 COVID-19 的风险感知、社区神话和预防措施。
方法
采用多阶段抽样技术，对 854 名参与者进行了基于社区的横断面研究。使用改编自先前文献的结构化问卷收集数据。使用描述性统计对变量进行总结。使用广义线性模型和二项逻辑规范来确定与风险感知和实践相关的因素。相应地，计算了具有 95%置信区间的调整后优势比，并且那些 p 值<0.05 的被认为是与风险感知和实践相关的显著因素。使用线性混合模型进行聚类分析，以确定与社区神话相关的因素，并且那些 p 值<0.05 的被报告为与社区神话相关的显著因素。
结果
所有 854 名受访者都给出了答案，应答率为 100%。其中 547 名（64.1%）为男性，611 名（71.5%）为农村居民，534 名（62.5%）通过电视/广播获取 COVID-19 信息，591 名（69.2%）居住在医疗机构附近，265 名（30.8%）有药物使用史，100 名（11.7%）有慢性病史，415 名（48.6%）有高风险感知，428 名（50.1%）对 COVID-19 有错误的神话，366 名（42.9%）预防措施较差。居住地、与医疗机构的距离和神话与风险感知显著相关。职业、知识和实践与社区神话显著相关。此外，教育程度、居住在医疗机构附近、具有良好的知识和错误的神话与利用 COVID-19 预防措施的实践显著相关。
结论
研究发现，COVID-19 的高风险感知、高错误社区神话以及相对较低的利用现有实践的情况与相关因素有关。
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