Pereira Willias Fabio Silva, De Oliveira Lemos Tatiana, Abreu Virgínia Kelly Gonçalves, de Vasconcelos Alana Graziela Duarte, Pinto Rodrigo Anacleto, Pereira Ana Lúcia Fernandes
Social Sciences, Health, and Technology Center, Federal University of Maranhão, 65.900-410, Imperatriz, Maranhão Brazil.
J Food Sci Technol. 2022 Oct;59(10):3965-3975. doi: 10.1007/s13197-022-05428-x. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
This study aimed to develop sweet-and-sour sauces with partial substitution of tomato for avocado. Four sauces formulations containing 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% avocado pulp were prepared. The pH, titratable acidity (TA), sugar: acid ratio, color, consistency, and syneresis analyses were performed. Sensory acceptance was measured by the hedonic, Just-about-right (JAR), and purchase intent scales. Besides, a check-all-that-apply (CATA) form was applied to obtain description data on the formulations. The results of the color parameters showed that treatments containing avocado had higher (p < 0.05) lightness and yellowness. The avocado addition improved the rheological measurements. There was an increase in the consistency of the sauces when the avocado concentration increased. The opposite was observed for syneresis, which decreased (p < 0.05) as the avocado pulp concentration increased. Sensory evaluation revealed good consumer acceptance, and purchase intent analysis showed that most consumers would buy this product. For JAR data, sauces with 50 and 75% avocado had highest values of consistency in the JAR region. The consumers who reported the formulation with 25% avocado to be "not enough" penalized its acceptance, reducing the overall acceptance. Based on the frequency of terms cited by consumers in the CATA, it was possible to consider specific terms for each formulation. The terms pleasant color, good taste, brightness, and good consistency were associated with high overall acceptance. These terms were mostly used for sauces with 25% and 50% avocado. Therefore, sweet-and-sour sauces based on a combination of tomato and avocado has proven to be a viable alternative to traditional ketchup.
本研究旨在开发用鳄梨部分替代番茄的糖醋酱。制备了四种含有0%、25%、50%和75%鳄梨果肉的酱料配方。进行了pH值、可滴定酸度(TA)、糖酸比、颜色、稠度和析水分析。通过享乐量表、刚刚好(JAR)量表和购买意愿量表来衡量感官接受度。此外,还应用了复选框(CATA)形式来获取配方的描述数据。颜色参数结果表明,含有鳄梨的处理组具有更高(p < 0.05)的亮度和黄度。添加鳄梨改善了流变学测量结果。随着鳄梨浓度的增加,酱料的稠度增加。析水情况则相反,随着鳄梨果肉浓度的增加而降低(p < 0.05)。感官评价显示消费者接受度良好,购买意愿分析表明大多数消费者会购买该产品。对于JAR数据,含有50%和75%鳄梨的酱料在JAR区域的稠度值最高。那些认为含有25%鳄梨的配方“不够好”的消费者降低了其接受度,从而降低了总体接受度。根据消费者在CATA中引用的术语频率,可以为每个配方考虑特定的术语。宜人的颜色、良好的味道、亮度和良好的稠度这些术语与高总体接受度相关。这些术语大多用于含有25%和50%鳄梨的酱料。因此,基于番茄和鳄梨组合的糖醋酱已被证明是传统番茄酱的可行替代品。