对乙肝表面抗原阴性献血者筛查策略的重新评估：与乙肝病毒DNA定量的相关性

Reappraisal of screening strategy in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative blood donors: Correlation with hepatitis B virus-DNA quantification.

作者信息

Alam Md Sohrab, Samdani Tushar, Hassan Md Sawkat

机构信息

Department of Immunology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, BIRDEM General Hospital, Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asgar Ali Hospital, Gandaria, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

出版信息

Asian J Transfus Sci. 2022 Jan-Jun;16(1):89-94. doi: 10.4103/ajts.AJTS_157_18. Epub 2022 May 26.

DOI:10.4103/ajts.AJTS_157_18

PMID:36199415

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9528554/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

In spite of screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), transfusion-associated hepatitis B virus (TAHBV) infection remains a serious public health problem due to transmission of HBV in window period and occult HBV infection. To avoid TAHBV infection, some health-care facilities have started Hepatitis B core antibody test along with HBsAg, but this leads to a lot of potential donor rejection who are not HBV infected. Our aim is to find a new protocol of donor screening to prevent TAHBV without compromising blood availability.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 88 HBsAg-negative anti-HBc total positive blood donors were included in this study. All samples were also tested for anti-HBs by enzyme immunoassay and for the presence of HBV-DNA viral load by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS

A total of 88 HBsAg negative and anti-HBc, total positive blood donors were tested for anti-HBs and HBV-DNA (Qn.). Among them, 76 donors (86.4%) (males 73 and females 3) were found to be positive for anti-HBs, while rest 12 (13.6%) showed no detectable antibody against HBsAg. HBV-DNA was found to be positive in 4 (7.7%) donor samples among 52 (60%) who have anti-HBs level <100 mIU/ml, while 36 (40%) donor samples were found to have >100 mIU/ml anti-HBs antibody with no detectable HBV-DNA.

CONCLUSION

HBV-DNA should be implemented as a screening test of the blood donors to prevent TAHBV infection without potential donor rejection.

摘要

背景

尽管对乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）进行了筛查，但由于窗口期乙肝病毒（HBV）传播和隐匿性HBV感染，输血相关的HBV感染仍然是一个严重的公共卫生问题。为避免输血相关HBV感染，一些医疗机构已开始在检测HBsAg的同时进行乙型肝炎核心抗体检测，但这导致许多未感染HBV的潜在献血者被拒。我们的目标是找到一种新的献血者筛查方案，以预防输血相关HBV感染，同时不影响血液供应。

材料与方法

本研究共纳入88例HBsAg阴性且抗-HBc总阳性的献血者。所有样本均通过酶免疫法检测抗-HBs，并通过实时聚合酶链反应检测HBV-DNA病毒载量。

结果

对88例HBsAg阴性且抗-HBc总阳性的献血者进行了抗-HBs和HBV-DNA（定量）检测。其中，76例献血者（86.4%）（男性73例，女性3例）抗-HBs呈阳性，其余12例（13.6%）未检测到抗-HBsAg抗体。在52例（60%）抗-HBs水平<100 mIU/ml的献血者样本中，4例（7.7%）HBV-DNA呈阳性，而36例（40%）献血者样本抗-HBs抗体>100 mIU/ml，未检测到HBV-DNA。