Wohlmann Anita
Institut for Kulturvidenskaber, Syddansk Universitet, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Dänemark.
Schmerz. 2023 Apr;37(2):83-88. doi: 10.1007/s00482-022-00673-7. Epub 2022 Oct 7.
Narrative Medicine is an interdisciplinary concept that joins literary texts and theory on the one hand with medical education on the other. It suggests that specific skills can be practiced by reflecting about literature and the arts, which represent existential human experiences. These skills are narrative competence, tolerance for ambiguity, changing one's perspective, empathy, and self-care.
This article describes a Narrative Medicine course and focuses on one unit in which Herman Melville's short story "Bartleby, the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street" was discussed.
In combining participant observation and a close reading of the short story, the article describes how students responded to the text and how "Bartleby" speaks to central topics in medical practice, such as pain management and the significance (and limits) of pity and empathy.
Melville's text represents pain and empathy in complex and ambiguous ways. In presenting a compassionate narrator who ultimately fails to empathize with the pain he perceives in his employee, the story challenges readers to reflect on the complexities of dealing with the suffering of others and invites a discussion about professionalism, personal values, and expectations.
Literary texts in a medical classroom can be a productive resource to practice and critically discuss competences identified in the National Competency-Based Learning Objective Catalogue for Medicine 2.0.
叙事医学是一个跨学科概念，一方面将文学文本和理论与医学教育联系起来。它表明，通过反思文学和艺术（它们代表了人类的生存体验），可以培养特定的技能。这些技能包括叙事能力、对模糊性的容忍度、改变视角、同理心和自我关怀。
本文描述了一门叙事医学课程，并重点关注其中一个单元，该单元讨论了赫尔曼·梅尔维尔的短篇小说《抄写员巴特比：华尔街的故事》。
通过结合参与观察和对短篇小说的仔细阅读，本文描述了学生对文本的反应，以及《巴特比》如何涉及医疗实践中的核心主题，如疼痛管理以及同情和同理心的意义（和局限）。
梅尔维尔的文本以复杂且模糊的方式呈现了疼痛和同理心。故事塑造了一个富有同情心的叙述者，但他最终未能对他在雇员身上察觉到的痛苦产生同理心，这促使读者反思应对他人痛苦的复杂性，并引发了关于专业精神、个人价值观和期望的讨论。
医学课堂中的文学文本可以成为一种有效的资源，用于实践和批判性地讨论《医学2.0基于国家能力的学习目标目录》中确定的能力。
