Fülöp Pavol, Dvorožňáková Marianna, Vachalcová Marianna, Fülöpová Zuzana, Šoltys Katarína, Valočik Gabriel
Vnitr Lek. 2022 Summer;68(E-2):4-10.
The gut microbiome is linked to the development of individual diseases. Patients with congestive heart failure (HF) develop intestinal wall edema due to venous congestion, which impairs absorption function and allows bacterial overgrowth. Consequently, the pathogenous bacterial strains produce many harmful substances, including trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and endotoxin (LPS - lipopolysaccharide), which lead to deterioration of HF. These discoveries led to hypothesis about the heart-bowel axis. High levels of TMAO present in patients with HF predispose to higher long-term mortality, even after correlation with traditional risk factors and cardiorenal indices. Most LPS is generated by the intestinal microbiome, and the osteogenic response in aortic stenosis to LPS stimulation of valve interstitial cells (VIC) is closely linked to inflammation and immunity. Thus, the concentration of intestinal microbiome research may provide new insights into the investigation of new therapeutic targets for HF and aortic stenosis.
肠道微生物群与个体疾病的发展有关。充血性心力衰竭（HF）患者由于静脉淤血而出现肠壁水肿，这会损害吸收功能并导致细菌过度生长。因此，致病菌株会产生许多有害物质，包括氧化三甲胺（TMAO）和内毒素（LPS - 脂多糖），从而导致HF病情恶化。这些发现引发了关于心肠轴的假说。HF患者体内高水平的TMAO即使在与传统危险因素和心肾指标相关联后，也易导致更高的长期死亡率。大多数LPS由肠道微生物群产生，并且主动脉瓣狭窄中瓣膜间质细胞（VIC）对LPS刺激的成骨反应与炎症和免疫密切相关。因此，肠道微生物群研究的重点可能为HF和主动脉瓣狭窄新治疗靶点的研究提供新见解。
