Foley Deirdre Jane, Connell Anna Rose, Gonzalez Gabriel, Connell Jeff, Leahy Timothy Ronan, De Gascun Cillian, Hassan Jaythoon
Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.
National Children's Research Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland.
J Clin Virol. 2022 Dec;157:105296. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2022.105296. Epub 2022 Sep 21.
Despite widespread use of the mumps vaccine resulting in significant reduction in the incidence of symptomatic mumps infection, large outbreaks continue to occur in highly vaccinated populations.
We examined the mumps-specific IgG, IgG subclasses and neutralization titres to the outbreak Genotype G5 and Jeryl Lynn vaccine (Genotype A) mumps strains.
Sera from 207 individuals were classified into five distinct cohorts: healthy controls and mumps cases of 5-17 years and 18-25 years, and naturally infected individuals of 50+ years. Mumps specific IgG and IgG subclass levels were measured using modified ELISA assays with lysates and nucleoprotein antigens from both the mumps vaccine and circulating Genotype G5 strains. All sera were investigated for in vitro neutralizing antibody titres (GMT) using focus reduction neutralization assays. Data was analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise Wilcoxon tests.
Mumps cases had higher mumps IgG levels compared to controls, to both the vaccine and outbreak strains, however levels decreased with age. Mumps IgG3 levels were significantly raised in mumps cases (p < 0.001). Neutralization titres were lower to the outbreak strain in all cohorts with titres markedly lower in the mumps cohorts compared to healthy controls. Mean GMT to the vaccine strain increased with age. The naturally infected group displayed the highest GMT to the JL vaccine and the lowest GMT to the outbreak strain.
Antigenic differences between mumps vaccine strain and circulating mumps viruses decrease the cross-neutralization capacity of vaccine-induced antibodies which may play a role in breakthrough infection.
尽管广泛使用腮腺炎疫苗已使有症状的腮腺炎感染发病率显著降低，但在疫苗接种率很高的人群中仍不断出现大规模疫情。
我们检测了针对疫情基因型G5和杰里尔·林恩疫苗（基因型A）腮腺炎毒株的腮腺炎特异性IgG、IgG亚类和中和滴度。
将207名个体的血清分为五个不同队列：健康对照以及5至17岁和18至25岁的腮腺炎病例，还有50岁以上的自然感染个体。使用改良的ELISA检测法，采用腮腺炎疫苗和流行的基因型G5毒株的裂解物及核蛋白抗原，来测量腮腺炎特异性IgG和IgG亚类水平。使用蚀斑减少中和试验检测所有血清的体外中和抗体滴度（GMT）。数据采用Kruskal-Wallis检验和两两Wilcoxon检验进行分析。
与对照组相比，腮腺炎病例针对疫苗毒株和疫情毒株的腮腺炎IgG水平更高，但该水平随年龄降低。腮腺炎病例的腮腺炎IgG3水平显著升高（p < 0.001）。所有队列中针对疫情毒株的中和滴度较低，与健康对照相比，腮腺炎队列中的滴度明显更低。针对疫苗毒株的平均GMT随年龄增加。自然感染组针对JL疫苗的GMT最高，针对疫情毒株的GMT最低。
腮腺炎疫苗毒株与流行的腮腺炎病毒之间的抗原差异降低了疫苗诱导抗体的交叉中和能力，这可能在突破性感染中起作用。
