Sanchez Natalia, Bernstein Ruth, Annameier Shelly K, Clark Emma L M, Jimenez Virginia, Hanson Lea, Jaquez Metztli Ruiz, Bristol Madison, Schwartz Laura, Haemer Matthew, Shomaker Lauren B
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University (CSU).
Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, Colorado.
J Lat Psychol. 2022 Aug;10(3):225-240. doi: 10.1037/lat0000205. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is on the rise and may be associated with more adverse health outcomes than adult onset. Latinx adolescents are disproportionately at risk for T2D yet are underrepresented in prevention efforts. Extant interventions to prevent T2D in Latinx adolescents show limited effectiveness. Comprehensive understanding of Latinx adolescent/family needs is lacking, but necessary for cultural tailoring of T2D prevention. Researchers conducted focus groups with 32 Latinx adolescents (age 10-18 years) from Northern Colorado and 31 Spanish-speaking parents/caregivers, with 2.5-hr semistructured youth-specific and parent-specific discussions, respectively. No participants included in this study had T2D. Qualitative data were analyzed for emergent themes about barriers/facilitators of healthy living and T2D prevention preferences. Thematic content analysis yielded eight themes within three categories: barriers to healthy living, facilitators of healthy living, and program preferences. Barriers to healthy living included individual motivational factors/food preferences; financial cost and time demands of healthy eating/exercise; negative emotions; and external/relational factors such as parent feeding pressure and peer pressure/bullying. Facilitators of healthy living included individual motivational factors/enjoyment of healthy living and supportive family structure. Program preferences were for family-based programming with adolescent breakout sessions and for facilitation by culturally competent facilitators. T2D is recognized as a serious health concern among Latinx families. There is a need for culturally tailored prevention programming that, in order to be acceptable, should address cultural and socioeconomic considerations, provide coping skills for adolescent-specific psychosocial stressors, and utilize a family-based programming framework with adolescent breakout sessions and culturally competent facilitators.
青少年型2型糖尿病（T2D）的发病率正在上升，与成人发病相比，可能与更多不良健康后果相关。拉丁裔青少年患T2D的风险尤其高，但在预防工作中的代表性不足。现有的预防拉丁裔青少年T2D的干预措施效果有限。目前缺乏对拉丁裔青少年/家庭需求的全面了解，但这对于T2D预防的文化定制是必要的。研究人员对来自科罗拉多州北部的32名拉丁裔青少年（年龄在10 - 18岁之间）和31名讲西班牙语的父母/照顾者进行了焦点小组访谈，分别进行了2.5小时的针对青少年和家长的半结构化讨论。本研究中没有参与者患有T2D。对定性数据进行了分析，以找出关于健康生活的障碍/促进因素以及T2D预防偏好的新出现主题。主题内容分析在三个类别中产生了八个主题：健康生活的障碍、健康生活的促进因素和项目偏好。健康生活的障碍包括个人动机因素/食物偏好；健康饮食/锻炼的经济成本和时间需求；负面情绪；以及外部/关系因素，如父母的喂养压力和同伴压力/欺凌。健康生活的促进因素包括个人动机因素/对健康生活的享受和支持性的家庭结构。项目偏好是基于家庭的项目，包括青少年分组讨论环节，以及由具备文化能力的促进者进行引导。T2D在拉丁裔家庭中被认为是一个严重的健康问题。需要进行文化定制的预防项目，为了使其可接受，该项目应考虑文化和社会经济因素，为青少年特定的心理社会压力源提供应对技能，并采用基于家庭的项目框架，包括青少年分组讨论环节和具备文化能力的促进者。
