Henker F O
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1987 Sep(222):30-4.
Accidents are unplanned, unexpected events usually producing injury or property damage. They occur when there is a disequilibrium between environmental hazards, exposure to hazards, and vulnerability to hazards. Vulnerability involves the condition of both physical and psychologic faculties. Repeating accidents occur when one or more of these three general components is increased significantly. This condition is referred to as "accident proneness," especially when vulnerability and/or exposure are significantly affected by psychologic predisposition. Prevention involves holistic assessment of the total situation, detecting the area or areas contributing to accident liability, and either devising methods for restoration of equilibrium or referring the patient to appropriate ancillary professionals who can bring about changes that will shift the balance away from accident production.
事故是意外发生、不可预料的事件，通常会导致人员伤亡或财产损失。当环境危害、接触危害和易受危害影响之间存在失衡时，事故就会发生。易受危害影响涉及身体和心理机能的状况。当这三个一般因素中的一个或多个显著增加时，就会发生重复性事故。这种情况被称为“事故倾向”，尤其是当易受危害影响和/或接触危害受到心理倾向的显著影响时。预防包括对整体情况进行全面评估，找出导致事故责任的一个或多个方面，并设计恢复平衡的方法，或者将患者转介给合适的辅助专业人员，他们可以带来改变，使平衡从事故发生的方向转移。
