Xu Xiangbo, Wu Yuting, Xu Shixue, Yin Yue, Ageno Walter, De Stefano Valerio, Zhao Qingchun, Qi Xingshun
Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (the Teaching School of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University), Shenyang, China.
Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
Thromb J. 2022 Oct 12;20(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12959-022-00421-y.
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be associated with the development of thrombosis. Experimental studies have confirmed the presence of NETs in thrombi specimens and potential role of NETs in the mechanisms of thrombosis. Clinical studies also have demonstrated significant changes in the levels of serum or plasma NETs biomarkers, such as citrullinated histones, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, nucleosomes, DNA, and their complexes in patients with thrombosis. This paper aims to comprehensively review the currently available evidence regarding the change in the levels of NETs biomarkers in patients with thrombosis, summarize the role of NETs and its biomarkers in the development and prognostic assessment of venous thromboembolism, coronary artery diseases, ischemic stroke, cancer-associated thromboembolism, and coronavirus disease 2019-associated thromboembolism, explore the potential therapeutic implications of NETs, and further discuss the shortcomings of existing NETs biomarkers in serum and plasma and their detection methods.
中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网（NETs）可能与血栓形成有关。实验研究已证实在血栓标本中存在NETs以及NETs在血栓形成机制中的潜在作用。临床研究也表明，血栓形成患者血清或血浆中NETs生物标志物水平有显著变化，如瓜氨酸化组蛋白、髓过氧化物酶、中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶、核小体、DNA及其复合物。本文旨在全面综述目前关于血栓形成患者NETs生物标志物水平变化的现有证据，总结NETs及其生物标志物在静脉血栓栓塞、冠状动脉疾病、缺血性中风、癌症相关血栓栓塞和2019冠状病毒病相关血栓栓塞的发生发展及预后评估中的作用，探讨NETs的潜在治疗意义，并进一步讨论现有血清和血浆中NETs生物标志物及其检测方法的不足之处。
