Department of Advanced Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Dec 21;10(6):e0259522. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02595-22. Epub 2022 Oct 13.
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), a retrovirus, infects B cells of ruminants and is integrated into the host genome as a provirus for lifelong infection. After a long latent period, 1% to 5% of BLV-infected cattle develop aggressive lymphoma, enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL). Since the clonal expansion of BLV-infected cells is essential for the development of EBL, the clonality of proviral integration sites could be a molecular marker for diagnosis and early prediction of EBL. Recently, we developed Rapid Amplification of the Integration Site without Interference by Genomic DNA Contamination (RAISING) and an analysis software of clonality value (CLOVA) to analyze the clonality of transgene-integrated cells. RAISING-CLOVA is capable of assessing the risk of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma development in human T-cell leukemia virus-I-infected individuals through the clonality analysis of proviral integration sites. Thus, we herein examined the performance of RAISING-CLOVA for the clonality analysis of BLV-infected cells and conducted a comprehensive clonality analysis by RAISING-CLOVA in EBL and non-EBL cattle. RAISING-CLOVA targeting BLV was a highly accurate and reproducible method for measuring the clonality value. The comprehensive clonality analysis successfully distinguished EBL from non-EBL specimens with high sensitivity and specificity. A longitudinal clonality analysis in BLV-infected sheep, an experimental model of lymphoma, also confirmed the effectiveness of RAISING-CLOVA for early detection of EBL development. Therefore, our study emphasizes the usefulness of RAISING-CLOVA as a routine clinical test for monitoring virus-related cancers. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection causes aggressive B-cell lymphoma in cattle and sheep. The virus has spread to farms around the world, causing significant economic damage to the livestock industry. Thus, the identification of high-risk asymptomatic cattle before they develop lymphoma can be effective in reducing the economic damage. Clonal expansion of BLV-infected cells is a promising marker for the development of lymphoma. Recently, we have developed a high-throughput method to amplify random integration sites of transgenes in host genomes and analyze their clonality, named as RAISING-CLOVA. As a new application of our technology, in this study, we demonstrate the value of the RAISING-CLOVA method for the diagnosis and early prediction of lymphoma development by BLV infection in cattle. RAISING-CLOVA is a reliable technology for monitoring the clonality of BLV-infected cells and would contribute to reduce the economic losses by EBL development.
牛白血病病毒 (BLV) 是一种逆转录病毒,感染反刍动物的 B 细胞,并作为前病毒整合到宿主基因组中,从而实现终身感染。在长时间的潜伏期后,1%至 5%的 BLV 感染牛会发展为侵袭性淋巴瘤,即地方性牛白血病 (EBL)。由于 BLV 感染细胞的克隆扩增对于 EBL 的发展至关重要,因此前病毒整合位点的克隆性可以作为诊断和早期预测 EBL 的分子标志物。最近,我们开发了无需基因组 DNA 污染干扰的整合位点快速扩增 (RAISING) 技术和克隆性分析软件 (CLOVA),用于分析转基因整合细胞的克隆性。RAISING-CLOVA 能够通过前病毒整合位点的克隆性分析,评估人 T 细胞白血病病毒 I 感染个体中成人 T 细胞白血病/淋巴瘤发展的风险。因此,我们在此检查了 RAISING-CLOVA 用于 BLV 感染细胞克隆性分析的性能,并通过 RAISING-CLOVA 对 EBL 和非 EBL 牛进行了全面的克隆性分析。针对 BLV 的 RAISING-CLOVA 是一种高度准确且可重复的方法,可用于测量克隆性值。全面的克隆性分析成功地区分了 EBL 和非 EBL 标本,具有高灵敏度和特异性。对 BLV 感染绵羊(淋巴瘤的实验模型)的纵向克隆性分析也证实了 RAISING-CLOVA 对早期检测 EBL 发展的有效性。因此,我们的研究强调了 RAISING-CLOVA 作为一种常规临床检测方法,用于监测与病毒相关的癌症的有用性。
牛白血病病毒 (BLV) 感染可导致牛和绵羊的侵袭性 B 细胞淋巴瘤。该病毒已传播到世界各地的农场,给畜牧业造成了巨大的经济损失。因此,在出现淋巴瘤之前识别出无症状的高危牛,可以有效降低经济损失。BLV 感染细胞的克隆扩增是淋巴瘤发展的一个很有前途的标志物。最近,我们开发了一种高通量方法,可以扩增宿主基因组中转基因的随机整合位点,并分析其克隆性,命名为 RAISING-CLOVA。作为我们技术的新应用,在这项研究中,我们展示了 RAISING-CLOVA 方法在诊断和早期预测 BLV 感染牛的淋巴瘤发展方面的价值。RAISING-CLOVA 是一种监测 BLV 感染细胞克隆性的可靠技术,有助于减少 EBL 发展造成的经济损失。