State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64(12):3660-3673. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2134290. Epub 2022 Oct 14.
Fumonisins comprise structurally related metabolites mainly produced by and . Contamination with fumonisins causes incalculable damage to the economy and poses a great risk to animal and human health. Fumonisins and their covert products are found in cereals and cereal products. Food processing significantly affects the degradation of toxins and the formation of covert toxins. However, studies on fumonisins and their covert mycotoxins remain inadequate. This review aims to summarize changes in fumonisins and the generation of covert fumonisins during processing. It also investigates the toxicity and determination methods of fumonisins and covert fumonisins, and elucidates the factors affecting fumonisins and their covert forms during processing. In addition to the metabolic production by plants and fungi, covert fumonisins are mainly produced by covalent or noncovalent binding, complexation, or physical entrapment of fumonisins with other substances. The toxicity of covert fumonisins is similar to that of free fumonisins and is a non-negligible hazard. Covert fumonisins are commonly found in food matrices, and methods to analyze them have yet to be improved. Food processing significantly affects the conversion of fumonisins to their covert toxins.
伏马菌素是由 和 产生的结构相关的代谢物。伏马菌素的污染对经济造成了不可估量的损失，对动物和人类健康构成了巨大威胁。伏马菌素及其隐性产物存在于谷物和谷物产品中。食品加工会显著影响毒素的降解和隐性毒素的形成。然而，对伏马菌素及其隐性真菌毒素的研究仍然不足。本综述旨在总结伏马菌素在加工过程中的变化和隐性伏马菌素的产生。还研究了伏马菌素和隐性伏马菌素的毒性和测定方法，并阐明了加工过程中影响伏马菌素及其隐性形式的因素。除了植物和真菌的代谢产物外，隐性伏马菌素主要通过伏马菌素与其他物质的共价或非共价结合、络合或物理包埋生成。隐性伏马菌素的毒性与游离伏马菌素相似，是一个不可忽视的危害。隐性伏马菌素通常存在于食物基质中，其分析方法仍有待改进。食品加工会显著影响伏马菌素向其隐性毒素的转化。
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