Jacak Janusz E, Jacak Witold A
Department of Quantum Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland.
Department of Quantum Technologies, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław 50-370, Poland.
Neuroscience. 2022 Nov 21;505:125-156. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.002. Epub 2022 Oct 11.
Because of different mechanism of electro-signaling in myelinated axons than in dendrites or unmyelinated axons, the role of the myelin needs to be reconsidered upon new premises in distinction to conventional cable model. It occurs that the latter model is inapplicable for so-called saltatory conduction in myelinated axons and the former imagination on the role of the myelin based on the cable model is confusing. We show how the myelin sheath of axons controls the electro-signaling in myelinated neurons upon a wave-type ionic oscillation model of electro-signaling, ion plasmon-polariton model, in close agreement with observations of the saltatory conduction not reachable within traditional cable model approach. This is of particular importance for better understanding of malfunctions of neuron communication due to demyelination diseases and for the strategy of future therapy methods at paralysis and at demyelination syndromes. The new mechanism of signaling in myelinated neurons is also supported by recent advances in recognition of so-called micro-saltatory conduction in C-fibers of pain sensation, also exceeding the range of applicability of the conventional cable model.
由于有髓轴突中的电信号传导机制与树突或无髓轴突不同，因此与传统电缆模型不同，髓磷脂的作用需要在新的前提下重新考虑。事实证明，后一种模型不适用于有髓轴突中的所谓跳跃传导，而基于电缆模型对髓磷脂作用的先前设想令人困惑。我们展示了轴突的髓鞘如何根据电信号的波型离子振荡模型（离子等离激元极化子模型）控制有髓神经元中的电信号传导，这与传统电缆模型方法无法实现的跳跃传导观察结果密切一致。这对于更好地理解脱髓鞘疾病导致的神经元通信故障以及针对瘫痪和脱髓鞘综合征的未来治疗方法策略尤为重要。有髓神经元中信号传导的新机制也得到了最近在识别痛觉C纤维中所谓微跳跃传导方面进展的支持，这同样超出了传统电缆模型的适用范围。
