Schwoerer Michael P, Ploss Alexander
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2022 Oct;56:101273. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101273. Epub 2022 Oct 13.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is unable to infect mice, a fact that has severely limited their use as small-animal models for HCV pathogenesis and as tools for HCV vaccine development. HCV is blocked at various stages of its life cycle in mouse cells, due to incompatibility with host factors, the presence of dominant restriction factors, and effective immune responses. Molecular mechanisms for several such blocks have been characterized. The stepwise understanding of these limitations in mice will enable the development of an immunocompetent mouse that can fully support HCV infection and exhibit disease similar to that of infected humans.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）无法感染小鼠，这一事实严重限制了小鼠作为HCV发病机制的小动物模型以及HCV疫苗开发工具的用途。由于与宿主因子不兼容、存在显性限制因子以及有效的免疫反应，HCV在小鼠细胞的生命周期的各个阶段都受到阻碍。已经对几种此类阻碍的分子机制进行了表征。逐步了解小鼠中的这些限制将有助于开发一种具有免疫活性的小鼠，该小鼠能够完全支持HCV感染并表现出与受感染人类相似的疾病。
