Department of Educational Psychology, Counseling, & Special Education, 125 Cedar, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Department of Human Development & Family Studies, 201B Henderson, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Aug;142(Pt 1):105928. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105928. Epub 2022 Oct 13.
While researchers have found a link between childhood maltreatment and language difficulties, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear and replication across the literature is inconsistent.
To conduct a systematic review examining the methodological inconsistencies related to studies' samples construction, maltreatment measurement, and language outcomes using a language acquisition theory-based approach.
Using the PRISMA framework, a literature search was conducted across five databases to identify studies that have investigated the effects of maltreatment on the language dimensions of vocabulary and grammar. Data were extracted for participant and maltreatment characteristics.
Fifty articles were reviewed. The results revealed: 1) maltreated children performed consistently below peers on grammar but not vocabulary assessments, 2) disproportionate use of vocabulary assessments, 3) considerable variability on participant characteristics and limited multidimensional measurement of maltreatment exposure, and 4) only nine studies analyzed the relationship between a maltreatment dimension (e.g., type, severity) and language.
Based on the results of this review, we propose three calls to action: 1) more language acquisition research in the child maltreatment field, 2) specificity when constructing samples with maltreated children, and 3) comprehensive and multidimensional maltreatment measurement. Implications for education were examined.
虽然研究人员已经发现儿童期虐待与语言困难之间存在关联,但潜在机制仍不清楚,文献中的复制结果也不一致。
采用基于语言习得理论的方法,进行系统综述,检查与研究样本构建、虐待测量和语言结果相关的方法学不一致性。
使用 PRISMA 框架,在五个数据库中进行文献检索,以确定研究虐待对词汇和语法语言维度影响的研究。提取参与者和虐待特征的数据。
共综述了 50 篇文章。结果表明:1)受虐待的儿童在语法评估上始终低于同龄人,但在词汇评估上并非如此,2)词汇评估的使用不成比例,3)参与者特征存在相当大的差异,并且对虐待暴露的多维测量有限,4)只有九项研究分析了虐待维度(例如,类型、严重程度)与语言之间的关系。
基于本综述的结果,我们提出了三项行动呼吁:1)在儿童虐待领域开展更多的语言习得研究,2)在构建受虐待儿童样本时要有针对性,3)进行全面和多维的虐待测量。还探讨了教育方面的影响。