Research Laboratory, Istituto di Ricerca e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Synlab SDN Spa, Naples, Italy.
Laboratory of Medicine, Synlab Lazio Srl, Rome, Italy.
Front Immunol. 2022 Sep 30;13:947187. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.947187. eCollection 2022.
This study monitored the anti-spike-receptor-binding domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies induced by the Pfizer/BioNTech mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in a cohort of 163 healthcare workers aged ≤60 years. We have taken advantage of two study groups, both of whom received the first two doses in the same time window, but Group 1 (54 HCWs) received the third dose 2 months before Group 2 (68 HCWs) did. The cohorts were monitored from the 12th day after the first vaccine dose up to 1 month after the third vaccine dose for a total of eight time points and about 1 year of surveillance (T1 = 12 days after the first dose; T2 = 10 days after the second dose; T3 = 1 month after the second dose; T4 = 3 months after the second dose; T5 = 4 months after the second dose; T6 = 5 months after the second dose; T7 = 7 months after the second dose; T8 = 1 month after the third dose for Group 1; T8* = 9 months after the second dose for Group 2; T9 = 1 month after the third dose for Group 2). The mean value of anti-spike antibodies decreased faster over time, but at T7, its decline was significantly slowed (T7 vs. T8*). After the third dose, the anti-spike titer rose about 34-fold (T7 vs. T8 and T8* vs. T9) and the booster improved the anti-spike titer by about three times compared with that of the second dose (T3 vs. T8 and T3 vs. T9), and no difference was noted between the two groups. The neutralizing titer was evaluated at T3, T7, T8, and T9. Anti-spike and neutralizing antibodies were found to be strongly correlated (r = 0.980; p < 0.001). At T3, 70% of the participants had a neutralizing antibody titer >91% of total anti-spike antibodies that increased to 90% after the third dose (T8 and T9). However, when the anti-spike titer reached its lowest value (T7), the neutralizing antibody levels decreased even further, representing only 44% of total anti-spike antibodies (p < 0.0001). Our findings show that the third vaccine dose improves the humoral response, but the wane of the anti-spike and neutralizing antibody titers over time is more marked in the neutralizing antibodies.
本研究监测了 163 名≤60 岁的医护人员接种辉瑞/生物科技 mRNA BNT162b2 疫苗后诱导的抗刺突受体结合域（RBD）和中和抗体。我们利用了两组研究对象，他们均在同一时间窗口内接受了前两剂疫苗，但第 1 组（54 名 HCWs）在第 2 组（68 名 HCWs）前 2 个月接受了第 3 剂疫苗。从第一剂疫苗接种后的第 12 天到第三剂疫苗接种后的 1 个月，共 8 个时间点和大约 1 年的监测期（T1 = 第一剂后第 12 天；T2 = 第二剂后第 10 天；T3 = 第二剂后 1 个月；T4 = 第二剂后 3 个月；T5 = 第二剂后 4 个月；T6 = 第二剂后 5 个月；T7 = 第二剂后 7 个月；T8 = 第 1 组第 3 剂后 1 个月；T8* = 第 2 组第 2 剂后 9 个月；T9 = 第 2 组第 3 剂后 1 个月）。抗刺突抗体的平均值随时间的推移下降得更快，但在 T7 时，其下降速度显著减慢（T7 与 T8*）。第三剂疫苗接种后，抗刺突滴度升高约 34 倍（T7 与 T8 和 T8*与 T9），与第二剂相比，加强剂提高了抗刺突滴度约三倍（T3 与 T8 和 T3 与 T9），两组之间无差异。中和滴度在 T3、T7、T8 和 T9 时进行评估。发现抗刺突抗体和中和抗体呈强相关性（r = 0.980；p < 0.001）。在 T3 时，70%的参与者的中和抗体滴度>总抗刺突抗体的 91%，在第三剂后增加到 90%（T8 和 T9）。然而，当抗刺突滴度达到最低值（T7）时，中和抗体水平进一步下降，仅占总抗刺突抗体的 44%（p < 0.0001）。我们的研究结果表明，第三剂疫苗接种可改善体液免疫反应，但抗刺突和中和抗体滴度随时间的衰减在中和抗体中更为明显。
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