Sekolah Kebangsaan (SK) Bangi, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Research Centre of Education Leadership and Policy, Faculty of Education, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 29;10:940323. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.940323. eCollection 2022.
The study aims to develop the Adversity Quotient (AQ) index of pre-service teachers during practicum training. The study also has assessed psychometric characteristics using the Rasch model. The original contribution is by addressing gaps of measuring AQ accurately among pre-service teachers through index at the Institute of Teacher Education (IPG) that not been widely explored. The research design entails a survey with a quantitative approach through questionnaires. The four main constructs of AQ comprises Control, Ownership, Reach, and Endurance (CORE model). This study involves several key procedures such as challenge identification, expert validity, item development, and psychometric testing of items before developing the index. A total of 96 items were produced and piloted over 159 pre-service teachers. Findings from the pilot study showed 54 items that met all assumptions from the Rasch model such as item fit, unidimensionality, local independence, reliability, and separation index. The actual study was conducted on 542 pre-service teachers from five Malaysian Institutes of Teacher Education (IPG) in the Central Zone through stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 and WINSTEPS version 3.71.0.1. The findings showed the 46.86% of practicum pre-service teachers have a moderately high AQ index with 74.80. The Control and Ownership recorded a high level AQ index with 77.30 and 77.10, respectively, while Reach and Endurance were at a moderate level AQ index with 73.20 and 71.50. The AQ index of male pre-service teachers is higher (76.29) than the female (74.09). It can be seen that eighth semester pre-service teachers is higher (75.28) than the sixth semester (74.38). The Science (SN) field recorded as a highest index (80.45), while the Visual Arts Education (PSV) field has a lowest index score (70.29). Further studies can be done by reviewing the pre-service teacher development program by empowering the reach and endurance aspects to ensure that the future teachers are resilient to challenges.
本研究旨在为实习培训中的职前教师开发逆境商数 (AQ) 指数。该研究还使用了 Rasch 模型评估了心理测量学特征。本研究的原创贡献在于通过教育学院（IPG）的指数来衡量职前教师的 AQ，这在以前的研究中并没有得到广泛的探索。研究设计采用了通过问卷进行的定量调查方法。AQ 的四个主要构念包括控制、拥有、接触和耐力（CORE 模型）。本研究涉及几个关键程序，如挑战识别、专家有效性、项目开发以及在开发指数之前对项目进行心理测量测试。共产生了 96 个项目，并在 159 名职前教师中进行了试点。试点研究的结果表明，有 54 个项目符合 Rasch 模型的所有假设，如项目拟合、单维性、局部独立性、可靠性和分离指数。实际研究是在中央区五所马来西亚教师教育学院（IPG）的 542 名职前教师中通过分层随机抽样进行的。数据使用 SPSS 版本 26.0 和 WINSTEPS 版本 3.71.0.1 进行分析。研究结果表明，46.86%的实习职前教师具有中等偏高的 AQ 指数，为 74.80。控制和拥有两个维度的 AQ 指数较高，分别为 77.30 和 77.10，而接触和耐力两个维度的 AQ 指数处于中等水平，分别为 73.20 和 71.50。男职前教师的 AQ 指数（76.29）高于女性（74.09）。可以看出，第八学期的职前教师的 AQ 指数（75.28）高于第六学期（74.38）。科学（SN）领域的指数最高（80.45），而视觉艺术教育（PSV）领域的指数最低（70.29）。可以进一步研究通过加强接触和耐力方面来审查职前教师发展计划，以确保未来的教师能够应对挑战。
