A reassessment of the role of second-look laparotomy in advanced ovarian cancer.

Thirty-nine patients with stage III and IV epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent second-look laparotomy (SLL) at New York University Medical Center and 11 eligible patients who did not undergo reexploration were retrospectively studied with follow-up from 24 to 105 months after diagnosis. Sixteen patients (41%) were found to have macroscopic disease, six (15%) microscopic tumor, and 17 (44%) no disease at SLL. Five of 22 patients who received further therapy based on positive SLL findings have remained without clinical evidence of disease 17 to 65 months after SLL. Nine of 17 patients with negative SLL, in whom treatment was stopped, recurred 8 to 52 months after SLL, five in extraperitoneal sites only. Five of 11 patients not undergoing SLL recurred 16 to 39 months after diagnosis, four intraperitoneally. There was no significant difference in survival between the second-look and no second-look groups for the period of study. Clinical trials are needed to determine if SLL influences longer-term survival and if continued treatment is indicated in a high-risk subgroup despite negative SLL. The value of SLL is limited by the efficacy of second line therapy. The role of routine SLL outside an investigational setting is questioned.