El-Schallah Alia Abdul-Sattar, Ajaj Mowaffak A, Hajeer Mohammad Y
Department of Orthodontics, Damascus University Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, SYR.
Cureus. 2022 Oct 16;14(10):e30356. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30356. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Background Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging provides detailed and thorough information about the dentofacial complex. However, not all aspects have been yet explored among different types of malocclusion. The maxillary anterior alveolus is one of the components of the maxillary bone which affects the upper lip position and the esthetics of the smile. The inclination of this alveolus may vary between the different vertical growth patterns of patients who may seek orthodontic treatment. The objective of this study was to investigate possible differences in maxillary anterior alveolar angle (MAAA) among orthodontically untreated adults with different vertical facial types in a Syrian sample. Methods CBCT images of 84 orthodontically untreated adult patients were included. Three groups of vertical facial type (n=28 for each group; 14 males, 14 females) were created using disproportionate multi-stratified random sampling. CBCT-derived lateral cephalograms were used to categorize the patients into three groups. Measurements were made at three regions (region 1 (R1), region 2 (R2), and region 3 (R3)), located in the maxillary anterior alveolar bone using OnDemand3D™ software (Cypermed Inc., Seoul, South Korea). Results No significant differences in the mean MAAA were detected between females and males for the three measured regions in all groups. Analysis of variance showed significant inter-group differences in the MAAA (p<0.05) for all measured regions. The hyperdivergent facial type group had the greatest MAAA mean value of 68.72° (± 6.01), 67.30° (± 4.15), and 68.01° (± 5.12) at R1 in the female, male, and the entire sample of both sexes respectively. Whereas the hypodivergent facial type group had the least mean MAAA values of 58.47° (± 5.34) at R3, 59.83° (± 6.23) at R2, and 59.23° (± 5.75) at R3 in the female, male, and the entire sample of both sexes respectively. Conclusions The maxillary anterior alveolar bone was more buccally inclined in the hypodivergent facial type. The MAA bone inclination did not differ between females and males in the same vertical facial type group.
背景 锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）成像可提供有关牙颌面复合体的详细而全面的信息。然而，在不同类型的错牙合畸形中，并非所有方面都已得到探索。上颌前牙槽是上颌骨的组成部分之一，它会影响上唇位置和微笑美观。在可能寻求正畸治疗的患者的不同垂直生长模式中，该牙槽的倾斜度可能会有所不同。本研究的目的是调查叙利亚样本中不同垂直面部类型的未经正畸治疗的成年人上颌前牙槽角（MAAA）的可能差异。
方法 纳入84例未经正畸治疗的成年患者的CBCT图像。采用不成比例的多分层随机抽样方法创建了三组垂直面部类型（每组n = 28；男性14例，女性14例）。使用CBCT衍生的头颅侧位片将患者分为三组。使用OnDemand3D™软件（韩国首尔Cypermed公司）在上颌前牙槽骨的三个区域（区域1（R1）、区域2（R2）和区域3（R3））进行测量。
结果 在所有组的三个测量区域中，女性和男性之间的平均MAAA均未检测到显著差异。方差分析显示，所有测量区域的MAAA组间差异均有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。高角面部类型组在R1处的MAAA平均值最高，女性为68.72°（± 6.01），男性为67.30°（± 4.15），男女整个样本为68.01°（± 5.12）。而低角面部类型组在R3处的MAAA平均值最低，女性为58.47°（± 5.34），男性为59.83°（± 6.23）。
结论 低角面部类型的上颌前牙槽骨颊侧倾斜度更大。在同一垂直面部类型组中，女性和男性的MAA骨倾斜度没有差异。
