Dupré Thomas, Potthast Wolfgang
Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Department of Exercise Science, Olympic Training Centre Rhineland-Palatinate/Saarland, Mainz, Germany.
Sports Biomech. 2024 Dec;23(12):3564-3576. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2133740. Epub 2022 Oct 19.
Groin injuries have one of the highest incidences in soccer and can be career threatening, especially for adolescents, due to their high recurrence rate. Quick accelerations have been connected to groin injuries along with kicking and change of directions. Purpose of this study was to examine the hip joint kinematics, kinetics and the muscle forces of adductor longus and gracilis during first ground contact of a linear sprint acceleration performed by adolescent soccer players. Twenty-two male participants were investigated with 3D motion capture and two force plates. Inverse dynamics were used to calculate the kinematics, kinetics and muscle forces. The kinematics show a constant extension during the stance phase and a quick transition from an abduction to an adduction movement at 90% stance, which coincides with the highest forces in adductor longus and gracilis. This indicates a high load on the adductor muscles due to eccentric contractions combined with high muscle forces in the adductors. Compared to previously investigated inside passing and change of direction movements, adductor muscle forces and angular velocities are higher in this study. Therefore, it is suggested that sprint accelerations are likely to be connected to the development of groin injuries in adolescent soccer players.
腹股沟损伤在足球运动中发病率极高，且可能危及职业生涯，尤其是对青少年而言，因为其复发率很高。快速加速以及踢腿和变向动作都与腹股沟损伤有关。本研究的目的是研究青少年足球运动员在直线冲刺加速首次触地时的髋关节运动学、动力学以及内收长肌和股薄肌的肌力。使用三维运动捕捉和两个测力板对22名男性参与者进行了研究。采用逆动力学方法计算运动学、动力学和肌力。运动学显示，在站立阶段髋关节持续伸展，在站立90%时从外展运动迅速过渡到内收运动，这与内收长肌和股薄肌的最大力量相吻合。这表明内收肌由于离心收缩以及内收肌中的高肌力而承受着高负荷。与之前研究的内侧传球和变向动作相比，本研究中的内收肌肌力和角速度更高。因此，有人认为冲刺加速可能与青少年足球运动员腹股沟损伤的发生有关。
