Rasalingam Gajarishiyan, Rajalingam Arrosan, Chandradasa Miyuru, Nath Mintu
Institute of Applied Health Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK.
Institute of Medical Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK.
Health Sci Rep. 2022 Oct 17;5(6):e886. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.886. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Mental health condition among adolescents is a leading cause of health-related disability in Sri Lanka. The study aims to estimate the prevalence and evaluate the associated risk factors in three major mental health domains-loneliness, anxiety and suicidal ideation-among Sri Lankan adolescents.
We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data of 3262 adolescents from the Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) conducted by the WHO in 2016. We modeled the binary outcome variables using multivariable logistic regression models with exposures representing demography, food habits, personal hygiene, behavior, substance abuse, parental and social engagement of the respondents.
We estimated the prevalence of loneliness, anxiety and suicidal ideation as 30.8% (95% CI: 29.3, 32.5), 20.2% (95% CI: 18.8, 21.6) and 3.7% (95% CI: 3.1, 4.4), respectively, and the overall prevalence as 40.3% (95% CI: 38.6, 42.0). Mental health problems were more prevalent among females than males. Engagement with parents and close friends, adequate nutritional intake and physically active lifestyles reduced the risk of common mental health problems. Exposure variables like food insecurity, truancy, second-hand smoking, physical fight, and being bullied increased adolescents' risk of reported psychological problems.
We conclude that the prevalence of mental health problems in the Sri Lankan adolescent population was higher than the global average. Results suggest that future policy decisions to mitigate mental health problems among Sri Lankan adolescents should incorporate an integrated approach involving the individual, family and community to promote positive home and school environments combined with an active and healthy lifestyle.
青少年心理健康状况是斯里兰卡与健康相关残疾的主要原因。本研究旨在估计斯里兰卡青少年在孤独、焦虑和自杀意念这三个主要心理健康领域的患病率，并评估相关风险因素。
我们对世界卫生组织2016年开展的全球学校健康调查（GSHS）中3262名青少年的横断面数据进行了二次分析。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型对二元结局变量进行建模，暴露因素包括受访者的人口统计学特征、饮食习惯、个人卫生、行为、药物滥用、父母及社交参与情况。
我们估计孤独、焦虑和自杀意念的患病率分别为30.8%（95%置信区间：29.3，32.5）、20.2%（95%置信区间：18.8，21.6）和3.7%（95%置信区间：3.1，4.4），总体患病率为40.3%（95%置信区间：38.6，42.0）。心理健康问题在女性中比男性中更为普遍。与父母和亲密朋友的互动、充足的营养摄入以及积极的生活方式降低了常见心理健康问题的风险。粮食不安全、逃学、二手烟暴露、肢体冲突和受欺凌等暴露变量增加了青少年报告心理问题的风险。
我们得出结论，斯里兰卡青少年人群中心理健康问题的患病率高于全球平均水平。结果表明，未来减轻斯里兰卡青少年心理健康问题的政策决策应采用一种综合方法，涉及个人、家庭和社区，以促进积极的家庭和学校环境，并结合积极健康的生活方式。
