Laboratory of Analysis and Intervention of the Shoulder Complex, Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 21;17(10):e0276662. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276662. eCollection 2022.
The aim of this study was to determine predictive factors related to the Scapular Assistance Test in individuals with shoulder pain during arm elevation, and to analyze how these predictors interact in a nonlinear manner to discriminate the result of a positive and negative Scapular Assistance Test. Eighty-four individuals with shoulder pain with positive (n = 47, average age 38.4 years) and negative (n = 37, average age 37.8 years) Scapular Assistance Test completed the study. Demographic data, affected shoulder, pain duration, pain at rest, angular onset of pain, scapular dyskinesis, serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscle strength, Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and Pain Catastrophizing Scale were assessed in all participants. The Classification and Regression Tree analysis was used to determine which factors would predict the occurrence of a positive or negative Scapular Assistance Test and possible interactions among them. The resulting tree presented seven levels that combine the following variables: angular onset of pain, presence of scapular dyskinesis, pain catastrophizing, serratus anterior and lower trapezius muscle strength. The angular onset of pain during arm elevation was the main predictor of a positive Scapular Assistance Test selected by the Classification and Regression Tree. This study indicates that the Scapular Assistance Test result may be explained not only by biomechanical variables, but also by psychological factors. Disability of the upper limbs does not seem to contribute to the Scapular Assistance Test result.
本研究旨在确定与肩痛患者上肢抬高时肩胛骨助力试验相关的预测因素，并分析这些预测因素如何以非线性方式相互作用，以区分肩胛骨助力试验阳性和阴性的结果。84 名肩部疼痛患者（阳性组 n = 47，平均年龄 38.4 岁；阴性组 n = 37，平均年龄 37.8 岁）完成了本研究。所有参与者均评估了人口统计学数据、受累肩部、疼痛持续时间、静息时疼痛、疼痛起始角度、肩胛骨运动障碍、前锯肌和下斜方肌力量、上肢残疾问卷和疼痛灾难化量表。采用分类回归树分析来确定哪些因素可以预测肩胛骨助力试验阳性或阴性的发生，以及它们之间可能的相互作用。生成的树呈现出七个级别，结合了以下变量：疼痛起始角度、肩胛骨运动障碍、疼痛灾难化、前锯肌和下斜方肌力量。上肢抬高时疼痛起始角度是分类回归树选择的预测肩胛骨助力试验阳性的主要因素。本研究表明，肩胛骨助力试验结果不仅可以用生物力学变量来解释，还可以用心理因素来解释。上肢残疾似乎对肩胛骨助力试验结果没有影响。
