Thangamathesvaran Loka, Wang Jiangxia, Repka Michael X, Scott Adrienne W
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Ophthalmol Retina. 2023 Apr;7(4):360-366. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2022.10.010. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) represents a leading cause of childhood blindness. The purpose of our study was to evaluate incidence, trends in cost and length of hospital stay, and risk factors for ROP using a publicly available population-based dataset, the National Inpatient Sample.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2009 to 2018 using the National Inpatient Sample.
Premature neonates (n = 717 277) who met the screening criteria for ROP with gestational age of ≤ 30 weeks or birthweight (BW) of ≤ 1500 g were identified.
Database analysis.
Incidence, demographics, risk factors for ROP development, trends in cost, and length of stay were evaluated.
In total, incidence of ROP increased from 11% in 2009 to 15% in 2018 (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression model of ROP development showed its associations with female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.17), Hispanic (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.18), and Black (OR, 0.91; 95% CI 0.86-0.96) ethnicity. Neonates with lower BWs, particularly those in the 500- to 999-g subgroup (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 2.44-2.85) and younger gestational ages, particularly those born between 25 and 28 weeks gestational age (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 2.25-2.58), had increased risk of developing ROP. Comorbidities associated with the development of ROP were perinatal jaundice (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.74-1.94), patent ducts arteriosus (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.60-1.75), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.35-1.48), perinatal infection (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.74-1.94), and respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.10).
Retinopathy of prematurity develops in about 1 of 10 premature infants and incidence has been shown to be increasing. Significant risk factors were female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, lower BW, younger gestational age, and systemic comorbidities, including perinatal jaundice, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular hemorrhage, perinatal sepsis, and respiratory distress syndrome.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是儿童失明的主要原因。我们研究的目的是使用公开的基于人群的数据集——国家住院样本，评估ROP的发病率、费用和住院时间趋势以及危险因素。
这项横断面研究使用国家住院样本分析了2009年至2018年的数据。
确定了符合ROP筛查标准、胎龄≤30周或出生体重（BW）≤1500g的早产新生儿（n = 717277）。
数据库分析。
评估ROP的发病率、人口统计学特征、发病危险因素、费用趋势和住院时间。
总体而言，ROP的发病率从2009年的11%上升至2018年的15%（P < 0.001）。ROP发病的多因素逻辑回归模型显示，其与女性（优势比[OR]，1.13；95%置信区间[CI]，1.10 - 1.17）、西班牙裔（OR，1.10；95%CI，1.03 - 1.18）和黑人（OR，0.91；95%CI 0.86 - 0.96）种族有关。出生体重较低的新生儿，尤其是500至999g亚组的新生儿（OR，2.64；95%CI，2.44 - 2.85）以及胎龄较小的新生儿，尤其是孕25至28周出生的新生儿（OR，2.41；95%CI，2.25 - 2.58），发生ROP的风险增加。与ROP发生相关的合并症有围生期黄疸（OR，1.84；95%CI，1.74 - 1.94）、动脉导管未闭（OR，1.67；95%CI，1.60 - 1.75）、脑室内出血（OR，1.41；95%CI，1.35 - 1.48）、围生期感染（OR，1.84；95%CI，1.74 - 1.94）和呼吸窘迫综合征（OR，1.05；95%CI，1.01 - 1.10）。
约十分之一的早产儿会发生早产儿视网膜病变，且发病率呈上升趋势。重要的危险因素包括女性、西班牙裔种族、较低的出生体重、较小的胎龄以及全身合并症，包括围生期黄疸、动脉导管未闭、脑室内出血、围生期败血症和呼吸窘迫综合征。
在参考文献之后可能会有专利或商业披露。
