Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Partners Asthma Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, PBB - Clinics 3, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2022 Nov;106(6):987-999. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.08.004.
Providers caring for patients with severe, therapy-resistant asthma have novel options for their treatment. Administration of additional inhaled corticosteroids at the time of increased symptoms, a strategy referred to as anti-inflammatory rescue or AIR, has been proved to be effective in reducing the frequency of exacerbations and improving asthma-related quality of life. Long-acting muscarinic antagonists can be used in combination with long-acting beta-agonist bronchodilators for additional bronchodilation. The care of the patient with severe asthma must also include a strategy to help avoid severe, life-threatening asthma attacks, with intense patient education and a recommended survival toolkit.
为治疗严重且对治疗无反应的哮喘患者，护理人员有了新的选择。在症状加重时加用吸入性皮质激素（即抗炎补救治疗或 AIR）的策略，已被证实可有效减少恶化频率并改善哮喘相关生活质量。长效毒蕈碱拮抗剂可与长效β-激动剂支气管扩张剂联合使用，以增强支气管扩张作用。严重哮喘患者的护理还必须包括帮助避免严重危及生命的哮喘发作的策略，包括对患者进行强化教育并推荐一套救生工具包。
